Warning: file_put_contents(/opt/frankenphp/design.onmedianet.com/storage/proxy/cache/58ee7c690d1334d8f6eea5e85dedf158.html): Failed to open stream: No space left on device in /opt/frankenphp/design.onmedianet.com/app/src/Arsae/CacheManager.php on line 36

Warning: http_response_code(): Cannot set response code - headers already sent (output started at /opt/frankenphp/design.onmedianet.com/app/src/Arsae/CacheManager.php:36) in /opt/frankenphp/design.onmedianet.com/app/src/Models/Response.php on line 17

Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /opt/frankenphp/design.onmedianet.com/app/src/Arsae/CacheManager.php:36) in /opt/frankenphp/design.onmedianet.com/app/src/Models/Response.php on line 20
Sleep Deprivation and False Memories - Steven J. Frenda, Lawrence Patihis, Elizabeth F. Loftus, Holly C. Lewis, Kimberly M. Fenn, 2014

Restricted access

Research article

First published online July 16, 2014

Request permissions

Sleep Deprivation and False Memories

Steven J. Frenda, Lawrence Patihis, […], Elizabeth F. Loftus, Holly C. Lewis, and Kimberly M. Fenn+2View all authors and affiliations

Volume 25, Issue 9

https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797614534694

Abstract

Many studies have investigated factors that affect susceptibility to false memories. However, few have investigated the role of sleep deprivation in the formation of false memories, despite overwhelming evidence that sleep deprivation impairs cognitive function. We examined the relationship between self-reported sleep duration and false memories and the effect of 24 hr of total sleep deprivation on susceptibility to false memories. We found that under certain conditions, sleep deprivation can increase the risk of developing false memories. Specifically, sleep deprivation increased false memories in a misinformation task when participants were sleep deprived during event encoding, but did not have a significant effect when the deprivation occurred after event encoding. These experiments are the first to investigate the effect of sleep deprivation on susceptibility to false memories, which can have dire consequences.

Get full access to this article

View all access and purchase options for this article.

References

Axelsson J., Kecklund G., Akerstedt T., Donofrio P., Lekander M., Ingre M. (2008). Sleepiness and performance in response to repeated sleep restriction and subsequent recovery during semi-laboratory conditions. Chronobiology International, 25, 297–308.

Blagrove M. (1996). Effects of length of sleep deprivation on interrogative suggestibility. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied, 2, 48–59.

Chee M. W. L., Choo W. C. (2004). Functional imaging of working memory after 24 hr of total sleep deprivation. The Journal of Neuroscience, 24, 4560–4567.

Crombag H. F. M., Wagenaar W. A., van Koppen P. J. (1996). Crashing memories and the problem of ‘source monitoring.’ Applied Cognitive Psychology, 10, 95–104.

Darsaud A., Dehon H., Lahl O., Sterpenich V., Boly M., Dhang-Vu T., . . . Collette F. (2010). Does sleep promote false memories? Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 23, 26–40.

Deese J. (1959). On the prediction of occurrence of particular verbal intrusions in immediate recall. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 58, 17–22.

Diekelmann S., Born J., Wagner U. (2010). Sleep enhances false memories depending on general memory performance. Behavioural Brain Research, 208, 425–429.

Diekelmann S., Landolt H.-P., Lahl O., Born J., Wagner U. (2008). Sleep loss produces false memories. PLoS ONE, 3(10), Article e3512. Retrieved from http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0003512

Dinges D. F., Pack F., Williams K., Gillen K. A., Powell J. W., Ott G. E., . . . Pack A. I. (1997). Cumulative sleepiness, mood disturbance and psychomotor vigilance performance decrements during a week of sleep restricted to 4-5 hours per night. Sleep, 20, 267–277.

Drummond S. P. A., Brown G. G. (2001). The effects of total sleep deprivation on cerebral responses to cognitive performance. Neuropsychopharmacology, 25, S68–S73.

Frenda S. J., Nichols R. M., Loftus E. F. (2011). Current issues and advances in misinformation research. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 20, 20–23.

Garrett B. L. (2011). Convicting the innocent: Where criminal prosecutions go wrong. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Garry M., Manning C. G., Loftus E. F., Sherman S. J. (1996). Imagination inflation: Imagining a childhood event inflates confidence that it occurred. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 3, 208–214.

Harrison Y., Horne J. A. (2000). Sleep loss and temporal memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied, 53, 271–279.

Hoddes E., Zarcone V., Smythe H., Phillips R., Dement W. C. (1973). Quantification of sleepiness: A new approach. Psychophysiology, 10, 431–436.

Hyman I. E. Jr., Husband T. H., Billings F. J. (1995). False memories of childhood experiences. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 9, 181–197.

Koslowsky M., Babkoff H. (1992). Meta-analysis of the relationship between total sleep deprivation and performance. Chronobiology International, 9, 132–136.

Lindsay D. S. (2008). Source monitoring. In Byrne J. H. (Series Ed.) & Roediger H. L. (Vol. Ed.), Learning and memory: A comprehensive reference. Vol. 2. Cognitive psychology of memory (pp. 325–347). Oxford, England: Elsevier.

Loftus E. F., Ketcham K. (1994). The myth of repressed memory. New York, NY: St. Martin’s Press.

Loftus E. F., Palmer J. C. (1974). Reconstruction of automobile destruction. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 13, 585–589.

McNally R. J., Lasko N. B., Clancy S. A., Macklin M. L., Pitman R. K., Orr S. P. (2004). Psychophysiological responding during script-driven imagery in people reporting abduction by space aliens. Psychological Science, 15, 493–497.

Nilsson J. P., Söderström M., Karlsson A. U., Lekander M., Åkerstedt T., Lindroth N. E., Axelsson J. (2005). Less effective executive functioning after one night’s sleep deprivation. Journal of Sleep Research, 14, 1–6.

Okado Y., Stark C. L. (2005). Neural activity during encoding predicts false memories created by misinformation. Learning & Memory, 12, 3–11.

Ost J., Granhag P.-A., Udell J., Hjelmsäter E. R. (2008). Familiarity breeds distortion: The effects of media exposure on false reports concerning media coverage of the terrorist attacks in London on 7 July 2005. Memory, 16, 76–85.

Ost J., Vrij A., Costall A., Bull R. (2002). Crashing memories and reality monitoring: Distinguishing between perceptions, imaginations and ‘false memories.’ Applied Cognitive Psychology, 16, 125–134.

Pezdek K., Lam S. (2007). What research paradigms have cognitive psychologists used to study “false memory,” and what are the implications of these choices? Consciousness and Cognition, 16, 2–17.

Roediger H. L. III, McDermott K. B. (1995). Creating false memories: Remembering words not presented in lists. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 21, 803–814.

Schacter D. L., Guerin S. A., St. Jacques P. L. (2011). Memory distortion: An adaptive perspective. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 15, 467–474.

Schoenborn C. A., Adams P. F. (2010). Health behaviors of adults: United States, 2005–2007 (Vital and Health Statistics Series 10, No. 245). Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics.

Thomas M., Sing H., Belenky G., Holcomb H., Mayberg H., Dannals R., . . . Redmond D. (2000). Neural basis of alertness and cognitive performance impairments during sleepiness. I. Effects of 24 h of sleep deprivation on waking human regional brain activity. Journal of Sleep Research, 9, 335–352.

Turner M. L., Engle R. W. (1989). Is working memory capacity task dependent? Journal of Memory and Language, 28, 127–154.

Van Dongen H. P. A., Maislin G., Mullington J. M., Dinges D. F. (2003). The cumulative cost of additional wakefulness: Dose-response effects on neurobehavioral functions and sleep physiology from chronic sleep restriction and total sleep deprivation. Sleep, 2, 117–126.

Wade K. A., Sharman S. J., Garry M., Memon A., Mazzoni G., Merckelbach H., Loftus E. F. (2007). False claims about false memory research. Consciousness and Cognition, 16, 18–28.

Watson D., Clark L. A., Tellegen A. (1988). Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54, 1063–1070.

Yoo S.-S., Hu P. T., Gujar N., Jolesz F. A., Walker M. P. (2007). A deficit in the ability to form new memories without sleep. Nature Neuroscience, 10, 385–392.

Zhu B., Chen C., Loftus E. F., Lin C., He Q., Chen C., . . . Dong Q. (2010). Individual differences in false memory from misinformation: Cognitive factors. Memory, 18, 543–555.

Supplementary Material

Please find the following supplemental material available below.

For Open Access articles published under a Creative Commons License, all supplemental material carries the same license as the article it is associated with.

For non-Open Access articles published, all supplemental material carries a non-exclusive license, and permission requests for re-use of supplemental material or any part of supplemental material shall be sent directly to the copyright owner as specified in the copyright notice associated with the article.

ds_10.1177_0956797614534694.pdf
615.13 KB

View full text|Download PDF

You currently have no access to this content. Visit the access options page to authenticate.