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The Metaphysics of Ibn Sina ( Avicenna ) - Selected bibliography
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Landmarks in the History of Ontology

Ibn-Sina (Avicenna) on the Subject and the Object of Metaphysics

 

 

Bibliographical Guides about Ibn Sina (Avicenna)

See also the bibliographical guides about Islamic philosophy in Ancient Islamic (Arabic and Persian) Logic and Ontology.

 


Selected Bibliography

1) Translations of the philosophical works by Ibn Sina (Avicenna)

  1. Le livre des théorèmes et des avertissements. Leyden: Brill 1892.
    First part. Arabic text edited and translated by J. Forget.
    Reprinted by Institut für Geschichte der Arabisch-Islamischen Wissenschaften an der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, Frankfrurt am Main, 1999.

  2. Die Metaphysik Avicennas. Enthaltend die Metaphysik, Theologie, Kosmologie and Ethik. Halle: Rudolf Haupt 1907.
    Translated by Max Horten.
    Reprinted by Institut für Geschichte der Arabisch-Islamischen Wissenschaften an der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, Frankfrurt am Main, 1999.

  3. Introduction à Avicenne: son Épître des définitions. Paris: Desclée de Brouwer 1933.
    Translated with notes by Amélie-Marie Goichon and with a preface by Miguel Asin Palacios

  4. Livre des directives et remarques. Paris: Vrin 1951.
    Translated with an introduction and notes by Amélie-Marie Goichon
    Reprinted 1999.

  5. Avicenna's psychology. London: Oxford University Press 1952.
    An English translation of Kitab al-Najat, Book II, Chapter VI with historico-philosophical notes and textual improvements on the Cairo edition by Fazlur Rahman.
    Reprinted: Westport, Hyperion Press, 1981

  6. Avicenne et le récit visionnaire. Paris: A. Maisonneuve 1954.
    By Henry Corbin.
    Vol. I: Étude sur le cycle des récits avicenniens. - Vol. II: Le Récit de Hayy Ibn Yaqzan, texte arabe, version et commentaire en persan attribués a Juzjany, traduction française, notes et gloses.
    English translation by Willard R. Task: Avicenna and the visionary recital - Irving, Spring Publications, 1980.
    "Part Two of the original edition, a translation of the Persian commentary on the "Recital of Hayy Ibn Yaqzan" has not been included."

  7. Le Livre de Science. Tome I. Logique, métaphysique. Paris: Les Belles Lettres 1955.
    Translated by Mohammad Achena and Henri Massé; second revised edition 1986.
    Reprinted by Institut für Geschichte der Arabisch-Islamischen Wissenschaften an der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, Frankfrurt am Main, 1999.

  8. Psychologie d'Ibn Sina (Avicenne) d'après son oeuvre As-Sifa. Praha: Éditions de l'Académie Tchécoslovaque des Sciences 1956.
    Two volumes (vol. I: Arabic text; vol. II: French translation).
    Arabic text and French translation by Jan Bakos

  9. Le Livre de Science. Tome II. Physique, mathématiques. Paris: Les Belles Lettres 1958.
    Translated by Mohammad Achena and Henri Massé; second revised edition 1986.
    Reprinted by Institut für Geschichte der Arabisch-Islamischen Wissenschaften an der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, Frankfrurt am Main, 1999.

  10. Le livre des définitions. Caire: Publications de l'Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale du Caire 1963.
    Edited and translated by Amélie-Marie Goichon

  11. Avicenna on the divisions of the rational sciences. In Medieval political philosophy: a sourcebook. Edited by Lerner Ralph and Mahdi Muhsin. New York: Free Press of Glencoe 1967. pp. 95-97
    Partial translation.
    Reprinted: Ithaca Cornell University Press, 1972

  12. The Healing, Metaphysics. First Treatise, Chapter 6. Sixth Treatise, Chapter 1, Chapter 2. In Philosophy in the Middle Ages. The Christian, Islamic and Jewish tradition. Edited by Hyman Arthur and Walsh James. New York: Harper & Row 1967. pp. 240-254

  13. Epistola sulla vita futura. Padova: Antenore 1969.
    Arabic text, Italian translation, introduction and notes by Francesca Lucchetta

  14. "On the soul," The Philosophical Forum 1: 555-562 (1969).
    "Translation by L E. Goodman of the opening pages of the psychological portion of Avicenna's Shifa. Avicenna argues for the substantiality of the soul on the grounds that the soul is in no way dependent on or existent in another thing. He defends this assertion with a thought experiment which provides a historical antecedent to the cogito of Descartes: imagining a spontaneously created soul to exist without senses in space. The conceivability of such a state, he argues, demonstrates the distinctness of the notion of soul from all others and the independence of the soul from all other entities on which its existence might be thought to depend."

  15. The Metaphysica of Avicenna (ibn Sina). London: Routledge & Kegan Paul 1973.
    A critical translation-commentary and analysis of the fundamental arguments in Avicenn's Metaphysica in the Danish Nam-i al'i (The Book of scientific knowledge).
    Reprinted Binghamton, Global Publications, Binghamton University 2001.

  16. The propositional logic of Avicenna. A translation from al-Shifa': al Qiyas. Dordrecht: Reidel Publishing Company 1973.
    Translated by Nabil Shehaby with introduction (pp. 1-28), commentary (pp. 213-281) and glossary.

  17. Avicenna's Commentary on the Poetics of Aristotle. Leiden: Brill 1974.
    A critical study with an annotated translation of the text by Ismail M. Dahiyat.
    Translation of al-Shi'r, which forms the 9th part of al-Mantiq, itself the 1st section of the author's al-Shifa.

  18. The life of Ibn Sina. Albany: State University of New York Press 1974.
    A critical edition and annotated translation, by William E. Gohlman
    Arabic text and English translation of the author's autobiography, Sirat al-Shaykh al-Ra'is, which was completed by his disciple al-Juzajani.

  19. "Les divisions des sciences intellectuelles d'Avicenne," Mélanges de l'Institut Dominicain d'Etudes Orientales (MIDEO) 13: 323-335 (1977).
    Translated by Georges C. Anawati

  20. La Métaphysique du Shifa'. Livres I à V. Paris: Librairire philosophique J. Vrin 1978.
    Introduction, translation and notes by Georges C. Anawati

  21. "Les sciences physiques et métaphysiques selon la Risâlah fî aqsâm al-`ulûm d'Avicenne. Essai de traduction critique," Bulletin de Philosophie Médiévale 22: 64-71 (1980).
    Partial translation by Jean Michot

  22. Épitre sur les parties des sciences intellectuelles d'Abu 'Ali al-Husayn Ibn Sina. In Études su Avicenne. Edited by Jolivet Jean and Rashed Roshdi. Paris: Les Belles Lettres 1984. pp. 143-151
    Translation by Rabia Mimoune

  23. Remarks and admonitions. Part one: Logic. Toronto: Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies 1984.
    Translated from the original Arabic with an introduction and notes by Shams Constantine Inati

  24. La Métaphysique du Shifa'. Livres VI à X. Paris: Librairire philosophique J. Vrin 1985.
    Introduction, translation and notes by Georges C. Anawati

  25. "Il soggetto della scienza prima. Ibn Sina, As-sifa'. Al-ilahiyyat, I.1-2," Giornale di Metafisica 16: 69-82 (1994).
    Italian translation by Giuseppe Roccaro of Al-ilahiyyat, I.1-2

  26. Livre de la genèse et du retour. Bruxelles: 1994.
    Translated by Yahya R. Michot

  27. "La Metafisica del Libro della Guida. Presentazione e traduzione della terza parte (báb) del Kitab-al-Hidaya di Avicenna," Le Muséon.Revue d'Études Orientales 108: 367-424 (1995).
    Presentation and translation by Olga Lizzini.

  28. Ibn Sina and mysticism. Remarks and admonitions. Part IV. London: Kegan Paul International 1996.
    An analysis and English translation of the fourth part (Sufism) of Avicenna's Remarks and admonitions

  29. "La réponse d'Avicenne à Bahmanyar et al-Kirmani. Présentation, traduction critique et lexique arabe-français de la Mubahatha III," Le Muséon.Revue d'Études Orientales 110: 143-221 (1997).

  30. Lettre au Vizir Abu Sa'd. Editio princeps d'aprés le manuscrit de Bursa. Beyrouth: Éditions al-Bouraq 2000.
    Translated with introduction and notes by Y. Michot

  31. Metafisica. La scienza delle cose divine (Al-Ilahiyyat) dal Libro della guarigione (Kitab al-Sifà). Milano: Bompiani 2002.
    Translated from Arabic, with introduction and notes by Olga Lizzini; with Arabic and Latin text.
    Revised reprint 2006.

  32. The Metaphysics of the Healing. Provo, Utah: Brigham Young University Press 2005.
    A parallel English-Arabic text translated, introduced, and annotated by Michael E. Marmura

  33. Cuestiones divinas (Ilahiyyat). Textos Escogidos. Madrid: Editorial Biblioteca Nueva 2006.
    Texts selected, edited and translated by C. A. Segovia

  34. Libro della guarigione: le cose divine. Edited by Bertolacci Amos. Torino: UTET 2007.
    Italian translation of the Ilahiyyat of Avicenna's Kitab-al-Sifa', with introduction, corrections to the Arabic text and notes.

  35. Avicenna Latinus. Liber primus Naturalium. Tractatus primus de causis et principiis naturalium. Louvain: Peeters Publishers 1992.
    Critical edition of the Latin medieval translation by Simone Van Riet.
    With a doctrinal introduction by Gérard Verbeke.

  36. Avicenna Latinus. Liber tertius Naturalium De generatione et corruptione. Louvain: Peeters Publishers 1987.
    Critical edition of the Latin medieval translation and lexicon by Simone Van Riet.
    With a doctrinal introduction by Gérard Verbeke.

  37. Avicenna Latinus. Liber quartus Naturalium De actionibus et passionibus qualitatum primarum. Louvain: Peeters Publishers 1989.
    Critical edition of the Latin medieval translation and lexicon by Simone Van Riet.
    With a doctrinal introduction by Gérard Verbeke.

  38. Avicenna Latinus. Liber de anima, seu Sextus de naturalibus I-III. Louvain: Peeters Publishers 1972.
    Critical edition of the Latin medieval translation by Simone Van Riet.
    With an introduction on the psychological doctrine of Avicenna by Gérard Verbeke.

  39. Avicenna Latinus. Liber de anima, seu Sextus de naturalibus IV-V. Louvain: Peeters Publishers 1968.
    Critical edition of the Latin medieval translation by Simone Van Riet.
    With an introduction on the psychological doctrine of Avicenna by Gérard Verbeke.

  40. Avicenna Latinus. Liber de Philosophia prima sive scientia divina. I-IV. Louvain: Peeters Publishers 1977.
    Critical edition of the Latin medieval translation by Simone Van Riet.
    With a doctrinal introduction by Gérard Verbeke.

  41. Avicenna Latinus. Liber de Philosophia prima sive scientia divina. V-X. Louvain: Peeters Publishers 1980.
    Critical edition of the Latin medieval translation by Simone Van Riet.
    With a doctrinal introduction by Gérard Verbeke.

  42. Avicenna Latinus. Liber de philosophia prima sive scientia divina.Tractatus I-X. Lexiques. Louvain: Peeters Publishers 1983.

  43. Avicenna Latinus. Codices. Louvain: Peeters Publishers 1994.
    Codices descripsit M.-T. d'Alverny. Addenda collegerunt S. Van Riet et P. Jodogne

  44. Metaphysices compendium (al-Nagat). Roma: Pontificium Instituttum Orientalium Studiorum 1926.
    Translated in Latin with notes by Nematallah Carame

 


Selected Bibliography

2) Selected studies about the philosophical works by Ibn Sina (Avicenna)

  1. Avicenna: scientist and philosopher. A millenary symposium. Edited by Wickens G.M. London: Luzac & Company 1952.

  2. Le livre du Millenaire d'Avicenne. Vol. IV. Téhéran: Imprimerie de l'Université de Téhéran 1956.
    "Conférences des membres du Congrés d'Avicenne prononcées en langue allemande.anglaise et française sur la biographie, l'époque, les opinions et les oeuvres d'Avicenne (2-7 Ordibehechte 1333; 22-27 Avril 1954)"

  3. Études sur Avicenne. Edited by Jolivet Jean and Rashed Roshdi. Paris: Les Belles Lettres 1984.

  4. Ibn Sina in the Western tradition. Texts and studies. Collected and reprinted. Edited by Sezgin Fuat. Frankfurt am Main: Institute for the history of Arabic-Islamic science at the Johann Wolfgang Goethe university 1999.
    5 volumes.

  5. Aspects of Avicenna. Interdisciplinary Journal of Middle Eastern Studies 9 2001.

    Edited by Robert Winovsky.
    Contents: Acknowledgments; A note on transliteration and citation; Preface;
    Intuition and thinking: the evolving structure of Avicenna's epistemology by Dimitri Gutas 1; Avicenna on abstraction by Dag Nikolaus Hasse 39; Simplicius and Avicenna on the essential corporeity of material substance by Abraham D. Stone 73; Avicenna at the ARCE by David C. Reisman 131-182.

  6. Avicenna and his heritage. Edited by Janssens Jules and Smet Daniel De. Leuven: Leuven University Press 2002.
    Acts of the International Colloquium Leuven-Louvain-la-Neuve, September 8-September 11, 1999

  7. Before and after Avicenna. Proceedings of the First Conference of the Avicenna Study Group. Edited by Reisman David C. and Al-Rahim Ahmed H. Leiden: Brill 2003.

  8. Interpreting Avicenna. Science and philosophy in medieval Islam. Edited by McGinnis Jon. Leiden: Brill 2004.
    Proceedings of the Second Conference of the Avicenna Study Group

  9. Acikgenc Alparslan. Being and existence in Sadra and Heidegger. A comparative ontology. Kuala Lumpur: International Institute of Islamic Thought and Civilization 1993.

  10. Adamson Peter, "On knowledge of particulars," Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society 105: 273-294 (2005).
    "Avicenna's notorious claim that God knows particulars only 'in a universal way' is argued to have its roots in Aristotelian epistemology, and especially in the Posterior Analytics. According to Avicenna and Aristotle as understood by Avicenna, there is in fact no such thing as 'knowledge' of particulars, at least not as such. Rather, a particular can only be known by subsuming it under a universal. Thus Avicenna turns out to be committed to a much more surprising epistemological thesis: even humans know particulars only in a universal way."

  11. Afnan Soleil M. Avicenna. His life and works. London: George Allen and Unwin 1958.
    Reprinted Westport, Greenwood Press, 1980.

  12. Ahmed Asad Q. Avicenna's reception of Aristotelian modal syllogistics: A study based on conversion rules and the Barbara problematic. In Before and after Avicenna. Proceedings of the First Conference of the Avicenna Study Group. Edited by Reisman David C. and Al-Rahim Ahmed H. Leiden: Brill 2003. pp. 3-24

  13. Ahmed Asad Q. Avicenna's treatment of Aristotelian modals. A study based on conversion rules and the Barbara problematic. In Before and after Avicenna. Proceedings of the First Conference of the Avicenna Study Group. Edited by Reisman David C. and Al-Rahim Ahmed H. Leiden: Brill 2003. pp. 3-24

  14. Al-Ahwani Ahmad Fuad. Being and substance in Islamic philosophy. Ibn Sina versus Ibn Rushd. In Die Metaphysik im Mittelalter. Edited by Wilpert Paul. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter 1963. pp. 428-436

  15. al-Shahrastani. Struggling with the Philosopher. A refutation of Avicenna's metaphysics. Edited by Madelung Wilferd and Mayer Toby. London: I. B. Tauris Publishers 2001.
    A new Arabic edition and English translation of Muhammad b. 'Abd al-Karim b. Ahmad al-Shahrastani's Kitab al Musara'a

  16. Alonso Alonso Manuel, "'Al-qiwam' y 'al anniyya' en las traducciones de Gundisalvo," Al-Andalus 22: 377-405 (1957).
    "En muchas de las obras traducidas se encontró Gundisalvo con la palabra al-qiwam. Vamos a recorrerlas transcribiendo los pasajes más representativos para darnos a entender su significado. (p. 381)
    (...)
    Después de haber señalado así la mayoría de los pasajes en que Gundisalvo, tanto en las traducciones como en sus propias obras emplea la palabra 'existentia' para traducir al-qiwam, y despues de haber visto que Gundisalvo quiere asi significar et 'esse' o 'quo est' como contradistinto de 'quod est', debemos preguntarnos ¿qué es lo que et propio Avicena entiende por al-qiwam? Desde luego tratamos del sentido correspondiente inmediato entre el concepto y la cosa significada, no de un sentido implicito o de un sentido consecuente al modo como al decir 'casa' significamos 'el techo' y significamos 'las paredes', y al designar et 'individuo' designamos su 'esencia especifica'.
    Primeramente observemos que hoy por al-qiwam todo el mundo entiende la 'subsistentia' (traducción que tambien Gundisalvo aceptó, como hemos visto). Por esto dice A.-M. Goichon: «599. -'Qiwâm', subsistence, sens donné par Lane art. qiwam et rukn, mais qui n'est presque jamais rendu exactement par les traductions, pourtant des plus diverses». No podían traducir al-qiwam por 'subsistentia', porque el latin corriente de entonces carecía de esa palabra. No se encontrará vocabulario del rabe ni arabista entendido que haya visto en Avicena el uso de al-qiwam en el sentido de 'existencia' contrapuesta a la 'esencia' corno principia quibus de las cosas, ni Gundisalvo lo vió, ya que la 'existencia' para él no significa lo que en tiempos posteriores a los suyos vino a significar. Contra los que quieren ver en el al-qiwam de Avicena o en la `existentia' de Gundisalvo ese significado de tiempos posteriores, ya es bastante decir que nadie, conocedor del árabe, haya encontrado tal significado en dicho al-qiwam aviceniano.
    En segundo lugar, la existencia en ese sentido posterior a los tiempos de Gundisalvo es algo simple en sí el acto último que entra en la composición de las cosas. Es, como veremos, algo del orden de la al-anniyya de Avicena. En cambio, el al-qiwam aviceniano es algo compuesto de 'acto' y `potencia', mas o menos simples (cada uno de por sí), o bien mas o menos determinados. (pp. 392-393).
    (...)
    Que ese 'acto' y esa 'potencia' pueden recibir (según la dottrina de Avicena) determinaciones, hasta convertirse en lo que Santo Tomas llamó 'materia' y `forma', es manifiesto por et mismo pasaje a que aludimos, ya que a continuación prueba Avicena que ese acro de al qiwam es en las plantas y animales ' et alma` y esa potencia del mismo al-qiwam es 'el cuerpo' . De aquí que ese al-qiwam sea ciertamente la 'constitucion' de la cosa, o sea su esencia específica, su mahiyya, como por otro nombre lo nombra el mismo Avicena, según luego vamos a ver. He ahí por que Gundisalvo, en la traduction de la Isagoge de Avicena equiparo el 'esse' (o 'quo est') de Boecio a la rnahiyya aviceniana, y la traduce cerca de cien veces por 'esse', y este 'esse', según el, se define: «Esse est existentia formae in materia». Esta existencia, pues, es la esencia específica o simplemente 'la esencia', dicha en abstracto, solo que latinistas posteriores a Gundisalvo cambiaron los conceptos que implicaban esas palabras.
    De aquí que tengamos en Avicena pasajes que contradistinguen entre sí al-qiwam y ' existencia' (al-wuyud) en cuanto se suele contraponer a 'la esencia'. (p. 394).
    (...)
    En otro artículo seguiremosn: con el estudio de al anniyya en las obras de Avicena. El hecho de que una palabra se apoderó del significado de la otra, al par que et confusionismo que de eso se siguió y aun vemos seguir, relacionó de un modo inconveniente los terminos al-qiwam y al-anniyya y sus mismos conceptos. Pero quizá con lo dicho y con lo que diremos después encontremos alguna mayor claridad en ese boscaje de traducciones e interpretaciones." (p. 405).

  17. Alonso Alonso Manuel, "La 'al-anniyya' de Avicena y el problema de la esencia y existencia (fuentes literarias)," Pensamiento 14: 311-346 (1958).

  18. Alonso Alonso Manuel, "La 'al-anniyya' y el 'al-wuyud' de Avicena y el problema de la esencia y existencia. La essencialidad de la 'al-anniyya'," Pensamiento 15: 375-400 (1959).

  19. Alonso Alonso Manuel, "'Al-wuyud' y 'al-mahyya', existencia y esencia," Al-Andalus 27: 299-342 (1962).

  20. Alverny Marie-Thèrese d'. Anniyya - Anitas. In Mélanges offerts à Étienne Gilson, de l'Académie française. Paris: Vrin 1959. pp. 59-91
    Reprinted in: Avicenne en Occident (chapter X)

  21. Alverny Marie-Thèrese d', "Notes sur les traductions médiévales d'Avicenne," Archives d'Histoire Doctrinale et Littéraire du Moyen Âge 27: 337-358 (1962).

  22. Alverny Marie-Thèrese d'. Avicenne en Occident. Paris: Vrin 1993.
    Receuil d'articles de Marie-Thérèse d'Alverny, réunis en hommage à l'auteur.
    Avant-propos de Danielle Jacquart

  23. Anawati Georges C., "La tradition manuscrite orientale de l'oeuvre d'Avicenne," Revue Thomiste 51: 407-440 (1951).
    Reprinted in: G. C. Anawati - Études de philosophie musulmane - Paris, Vrin, 1974, pp. 229-262.

  24. Anawati Georges C., "Chronique avicennienne 1951-1960," Revue Thomiste 60: 614-634 (1960).

  25. Anawati Georges C. St. Thomas d'Aquin et la Métaphysique d'Avicenne. In St. Thomas Aquinas 1274-1974. Commemorative studies. Edited by Gilson Étienne. Toronto: Pontificial Institute of Mediaeval Studies 1974. pp. 449-465

  26. Anawati Georges C., "Les divisions des sciences intellectuelles d'Avicenne," Mélanges de l'Institut Dominicain d'Etudes Orientales (MIDEO) 13: 323-335 (1977).

  27. Anawati Georges C. Introduction historique à une nouvelle traduction de la Mètaphysique d'Avicenne. In Avicenne. La Métaphysique du Shifa. I-V. Paris: Vrin 1978. pp. 11-79
    Reprinted in: Mélanges de l'Institut Dominicain d'Etudes Orientales (MIDEO) 13, 1977, pp. 171-252.

  28. Banchetti-Robino Marina Paola, "Ibn Sina and Husserl on intention and intentionality," Philosophy East and West (2004).
    "The concepts of intention and intentionality were particularly significant notions within the Christian, Jewish, and Islamic medieval philosophical traditions, and they regained philosophical importance in the twentieth century. The theories of intention and intentionality of the medieval Islamic philosopher and physician Ibn Sina and the phenomenological philosopher and mathematician Edmund Husserl are examined, compared, and contrasted here, showing that Ibn Sina's conception of intention is naturalistic and, in its naturalism, is influenced by the medical professional culture to which Ibn Sina belonged. As well, Husserl's anti-naturalistic conception of intentionality is influenced by his background as a mathematician and by his desire to ground mathematics and the empirical sciences in a truly scientific philosophy. In conclusion, an argument is presented for the superiority of the Husserlian transcendentalist account of intentionality over the Avicennian naturalistic account, on the grounds that the latter falls prey to psychologism and reductionism, the two specters that according to Husserl must haunt all naturalistic accounts of consciousness."

  29. Bäck Allan, "Avicenna on existence," Journal of the History of Philosophy 25: 351-367 (1987).
    "In Islamic philosophy, in particular, with Ibn Sina (Avicenna), there appears, in quite explicit form, a view of predication at odds with many current interpretations of Aristotle and views of predication. That view is that the simple affirmative categorical proposition 'S is p' is to be read as 'S is (existent) as a p', and that for its truth it is required both that S be existent and that S be p. This paper sketches out the development of that view. It then shows how this view resolves such vexing problems in interpreting Aristotle's logic and ontology as the existential import assumption and his view of First philosophy."

  30. Bäck Allan, "Avicenna's conception of the modalities," Vivarium 30: 217-255 (1992).

  31. Bäck Allan. The ordinary language approach in Traditional logic. In Argumentationstheorie. Scholastische Forschungen zu den logischen und semantischen Regeln korrekten Folgerns. Edited by Jacobi Klaus. Leiden: Brill 1993. pp. 507-530

  32. Bäck Allan, "The Ontological Pentagon of Avicenna," Journal of Neoplatonic Studies 7: 87-109 (1999).

  33. Bäck Allan. Avicenna on the categorical assertion. In Medieval theories on assertive and non-assertive language. Edited by Maierù Alfonso and Valente Luisa. Firenze: Leo S. Olschki Editore 2004. pp. 141-162
    Acts of the 14th European Symposium on Medieval Logic and Semantics - Rome, June 11-15, 2002

  34. Bertolacci Amos, ""Subtilius speculando". Le citazioni della "Philosophia prima" di Avicenna nel Commento alla "Metafisica" di Alberto Magno," Documenti e Studi sulla Tradizione Filosofica Medievale 9: 261-339 (1998).

  35. Bertolacci Amos, "Metafisica A 5, 986 a 22-26 nell'Ilahiyyat del Kitab al-Sifa' di Ibn Sina," Documenti e Studi sulla Tradizione Filosofica Medievale 10: 205-232 (1999).
    Contains the Italian translation of III, 6.

  36. Bertolacci Amos, "From Al-Kindi to Al-Farabi. Avicenna's progressive knowledge of Aristotle's Metaphysics according to his autobiography," Arabic Sciences and Philosophy 11: 257-295 (2001).
    "The autobiography witnesses a significant evolution in Avicenna's approach to Aristotle's Metaphysics during the years of his education. It clearly shows that, at a certain point of his philosophical training, Avicenna faced the entire text of the Metaphysics, was puzzled by its extent and complexity, and found in a treatise by al-Farabi a guide for its understanding. But, albeit less perspicuously, the autobiography also suggests that this was not Avicenna's first encounter with the Metaphysics. Avicenna dealt with Aristotle's work in a previous stage of his studies as well. Then, however, he did not read the Metaphysics in its entirety, but, rather, focused only on its essential parts and some commentaries thereupon. The parts of the Metaphysics that Avicenna read in this earlier stage were books Alpha Elatton and Lambda, as constituting the natural theology of Aristotle's work. He neglected, on the contrary, the books corresponding to its ontological part. The special attention to Alpha Elatton and Lambda and the close connection between these two books in a theological context were peculiar traits of al-Kindi's approach to Aristotle's Metaphysics. Therefore, the evolving approach to Aristotle's Metaphysics that Avicenna's autobiography witnesses can properly be described as a passage from the Kindian to the Farabian way of interpretation."

  37. Bertolacci Amos, "Le citazioni implicite testuali della Philosophia prima di Avicenna nel Commento alla Metafisica di Alberto Magno: analisi tipologica," Documenti e Studi sulla Tradizione Filosofica Medievale 12: 179-274 (2001).

  38. Bertolacci Amos, "The structure of metaphysical science in the Ilahiyyat (Divine Science) of Avicenna's Kitab-al-Sifa' (Book of the Cure)," Documenti e Studi sulla Tradizione Filosofica Medievale 13: 1-69 (2002).

  39. Bertolacci Amos, "The doctrine of material and fornal causality in the Ilahiyyat (Divine Science) of Avicenna's Kitab al-Sifa' (Book of the Cure)," Quaestio.The Yearbook of the History of Metaphysics 2: 125-154 (2002).

  40. Bertolacci Amos. Some texts of Aristotle's Metaphysics in the Ilahiyat of Avicenna's Kitab al-Šifa'. In Before and After Avicenna. Proceedings of the First Conference of the Avicenna Study Group. Edited by Reisman David C. Leiden: Brill Academic Publishers 2003. pp. 24-47

  41. Bertolacci Amos. La ricezione del libro Gamma della Metafisica nell'Ilahiyyat del Kitab al-Šifa' di Avicenna. In Aristotele e I suoi esegeti neoplatonici. Logica e ontologia nelle interpretazioni greche e arabe.
    Atti del Convegno internazionale Roma 19-20 ottobre 2001.
    Edited by Celluprica Vincenza and D'Ancona Costa Cristina. Napoli: Bibliopolis 2004. pp. 173-210

  42. Bertolacci Amos. The reception of Book B (Beta) of Aristotle's Metaphysics in the Ilahiyat of Avicenna's Kitab al-Sifa'. In Interpreting Avicenna. Science and philosophy in Medieval Islam. Proceedings of the Second Conference of the Avicenna Study Group. Edited by McGinnis Jon. Leiden: Brill Academic Publishers 2004. pp. 157-174

  43. Bertolacci Amos. Il pensiero filosofico di Avicenna. In Storia della filosofia nell'Islam Medievale. Vol. II. Edited by D'Ancona Costa Cristina. Torino: Einaudi 2005. pp. 522-626

  44. Bertolacci Amos, "Ammonius and al-Farabi: the sources of Avicenna's concept of metaphysics," Quaestio.The Yearbook of the History of Metaphysics 5: 287-305 (2005).

  45. Bertolacci Amos, "On the Arabic translations of Aristotle's Metaphysics," Arabic Sciences and Philosophy 15: 241-275 (2005).

  46. Bertolacci Amos. The reception of Aristotle's Metaphysics in Avicenna's Kitab al-Sifa'. A milestone of Western metaphysical thought. Leiden: Brill 2006.
    Contents: Introduction VII; Abbreviations XV;
    Part One. The Arabic reception of the Metaphysics before Avicenna.
    Introduction 3; 1. The Arabic translations of the Metaphysics: a new assessment on account of the evidence provided by Avicenna 5; 2. Beyond al-Kindi and al-Farabi: Avicenna's position in the history of the Arab reception of the Metaphysics 37; 3. Between Ammonius and Avicenna: al-Farabi's treatise On the Goals of Aristotle's Metaphysics 65;
    Part Two. The scientific profile of the Metaphysics according to Avicenna.
    Introduction 107; 4. Avicenna' conception of the theme of the Metaphysics: "existent qua existent" as the subject-matter, the first causes and God as the goal of metaphysics 111; 5. Avicenna's reworking of the structure of the Metaphysics: metaphysics as the discipline dealing with the species, the properties and the principles of "existent" 149; 6. Avicenna's elaboration of the method of the Metaphysics: metaphysics as a demonstrative, analytical, non-dialectical science 213; 7. Avicenna's view of the relationship of the Metaphysics with the other parts of the Aristotelian corpus: metaphysics as the founding discipline 265;
    Part Three. The content of the Metaphysics according to Avicenna.
    Introduction 305; 8. The quotations of the Metaphysics in the Ilahiyyat 309; 9. The main source of Avicenna's conception of metaphysics as a science: book Gamma and its quotations 375; 10. Avicenna's attitude towards dialectic: book Beta and its quotations 403; 11. The other sources of the Ilahiyyat 441; Conclusion 471;
    Appendices.
    Appendix A: Towards a critical edition of the Ilahiyyat: list of corrections of the Cairo printed text 483; Appendix B: Index of authors and works quoted in the Ilahiyyat 559; Appendix C: Overview of the main works by Avicenna on metaphysics in chronological order 581; Appendix D: Names for Aristotle's Metaphysics and metaphysics as a discipline in Avicenna's works 593; Appendix E: The style of the Kitab al-Sifa' 607; Appendix F: The terminology for "property" in the Ilahiyyat 613;
    Bibliography 617; Index of names and places 655; Index of Aristotle's works with passages cited 665; Index of Avicenna's works with passages cited 666; Index of manuscripts 669; Index of texts, outlines, tables 670-675.

  47. Black Deborah, "Avicenna on the ontological and epistemic status of fictional beings," Documenti e Studi sulla Tradizione Filosofica Medievale 8: 425-453 (1997).

  48. Black Deborah, "Mental existence in Thomas Aquinas and Avicenna," Mediaeval Studies 61: 45-81 (1999).

  49. Bloch Ernst. Avicenna und die aristotelische Linke. Berlin : Rütten & Loening 1952.

  50. Bogoutdinov A.M., "A notable philosophical production of the Tadjik people: Ibn-Sina's Donish-Nameh," Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 11: 25-39 (1950).

  51. Booth Edward. Aristotelian aporetic ontology in Islamic and Christian thinkers. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 1983.
    See in particular: Ibn Sina and the reordering of Aristotle' thought - pp. 107-126.

  52. Brown Stephen, "Avicenna and the unity of the concept of Being. The interpretations of Henry of Ghent, Duns Scotus, Gerard of Bologna and Peter Aureoli," Franciscan Studies 25: 117-150 (1965).
    "This article treats the question of the analogy and the univocity of being in Henry of Ghent, John Duns Scotus, Hervaeus Natalis, Gerard of Bologna and Peter Aureoli. Each provides his own view of the concept of being and thus each gives a different interpretation to Avicenna's metaphysical starting point"

  53. Burrell David B., "Essence and existence: Avicenna and Greek philosophy," Mélanges de l'Institut Dominicain d'Etudes Orientales (MIDEO) 17: 53-66 (1986).

  54. Caster Kevin J., "The distinction between being and essence according to Boethius, Avicenna, and William of Auvergne," Modern Schoolman 73: 309-332 (1996).

  55. Ceylan Yasin, "A critical approach to the Avicennian distinction of essence and existence," Islamic Studies 32: 329-337 (1993).

  56. Chahine Osman. Ontologie et théologie chez Avicenne. Paris: Librairie d'Amérique et d'Orient A. Maisonneuve 1962.

  57. Collins Joseph F., "Intentionality in the philosophy of Avicenna," Modern Schoolman 21: 204-215 (1944).

  58. Cruz Hernandez Miguel. La metafísica de Avicena. Grenada: Universidad de Grenada 1949.

  59. Cruz Hernandez Miguel. La distincion aviceniana de la esencia y la existencia y su interpretacion en la filosofia occidental. In Homenaje a Millás-Vallicrosa. Vol. II. Barcelona: Barcelona : Consejo superior de investigaciones científicas 1956. pp. 351-374

  60. Cruz Hernandez Miguel, "La noción de 'ser' en Avicena," Pensamiento 15: 83-98 (1959).

  61. Cruz Hernandez Miguel. El concepto de metafísica de Avicena. In Avicenna and his heritage. Acts of the International Colloquium Leuven-Louvain-la-Neuve, September 8-September 11, 1999. Edited by Janssens Jules and Smet Daniel De. Leuven: Leuven University Press 1999. pp. 47-56

  62. Cunningham Francis A., "Averroes vs Avicenna on Being," New Scholasticism 48: 185-218 (1974).
    "Avicenna has been interpreted as having held the real distinction between 'esse' and 'essence'; Averroes as having criticized him on this point: "Avicenna made a big mistake here." A closer reading, however, will, I believe, reveal that Avicenna was talking about two intelligible notes, 'intentiones' or 'dispositiones', in the comprehension of a concept, whereas Averroes was pushing two different modes of understanding that same content. St. Thomas thought that Averroes "was closer to the truth." No Arabic scholar today would, so far as I can make out, read that real distinction into this context. Avicenna has also been accused of holding an independent order of possibles, just as Averroes was accused of holding a double truth theory. Both charges were libels."

  63. Davidson Herbert Alan. Avicenna's proof of the existence of God as a necessarily existent Being. In Islamic philosophical theology. Edited by Morewedge Parviz. Albany: State University of New York Press 1979. pp. 165-187

  64. Davidson Herbert Alan. Avicenna's proof of the existence of a Being Necessarily Existent by Virtue of Itself. In Proofs for eternity, creation and the existence of God in medieval Islamic and Jewish philosophy. Oxford: Oxford University Press 1987. pp. 281-310

  65. Davidson Herbert Alan. Alfarabi, Avicenna, and Averroes on intellect. Their cosmologies, theories of the active intellect, and theories of human intellect. New York: Oxford University Press 1992.

  66. Decorte Jos. Avicenna's ontology of relation: a source of inspiration to Henry of Ghent. In Avicenna and his heritage. Acts of the International Colloquium Leuven-Louvain-la-Neuve, September 8-September 11, 1999. Edited by Janssens Jules and Smet Daniel De. Leuven: Leuven University Press 2002. pp. 197-224

  67. Druart Thérèse-Anne, "Shay' or Res as concomitant of 'Being' in Avicenna," Documenti e Studi sulla Tradizione Filosofica Medievale 12: 125-142 (2001).

  68. El-Bizri Nader. The phenomenological quest between Avicenna and Heidegger. Bingamton: Global Publications, Binghamton University 2000.

  69. El-Bizri Nader, "Avicenna and essentialism," Review of Metaphysics 54: 753-778 (2001).

  70. El-Ehwany Ahmed Fouad. Being and substance in Islamic philosophy. Ibn Sina versus Ibn Rushd. In Die Metaphysik im Mittelalter: ihr Ursprung und ihre Bedeutung.
    Vorträge des 2. Internationalen Kongresses für mittelalterliche Philosophie, Köln, 31. August-6. September 1961.
    Edited by Wilpert Paul. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter 1963. pp. 428-436

  71. Endress Gerhard, "L'Aristote arabe. Réception, autorité et transformation du Premier Maître," Medioevo.Rivista di Storia della Filosofia Medievale 23: 1-42 (1997).

  72. Fakhry Majid. Notes on existence and essence in Averroes and Avicenna. In Die Metaphysik im Mittelalter: ihr Ursprung und ihre Bedeutung.
    Vorträge des 2. Internationalen Kongresses für mittelalterliche Philosophie, Köln, 31. August-6. September 1961.
    Edited by Wilpert Paul. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter 1963. pp. 414-417
    Miscellanea Medievalia - Vol. 2

  73. Fakhry Majid. The subject-matter of metaphysics: Aristotle and Ibn-Sina. In Islamic theology and philosophy. Studies in honor of G. Hourani. Edited by Marmura Michael E. Albany: State University of New York Press 1984. pp. 137-147

  74. Finianons Ghassan. Les grands divisions de l'être "Mawjud" selon Ibn Sina. Fribourg: Éditions Universitaires de Fribourg 1976.

  75. Gamarra Daniel O., "Esencia, posibilidad y predicacion: a proposito de una distincion Aviceniana," Sapientia 41: 101-120 (1986).

  76. Gamarra Daniel O. Esencia y objeto. Bern: Peter Lang 1990.
    See in particular: Esencia y possibilidad segun Avicena, o la raiz de un problema gnoseologico: la esencia tema de la objectividad. Planteamento historico - pp. 15-133.

  77. García Marques Alfonso, "La polemica sobre el ser en el Avicena y Averroes Latinos," Anuario Filosofico 20: 73-103 (1987).

  78. Gardet Louis. La pensée religieuse d'Avicenna (Ibn Sina). Paris: Librairie Philosophique J. Vrin 1951.

  79. Gilson Étienne, "Avicenne et le point de départ de Duns Scot," Archives d'Histoire Doctrinale et Littéraire du Moyen Âge 2: 402-408 (1927).

  80. Gilson Étienne, "Les sources greco-arabes de l'augustinisme avicennisant," Archives d'Histoire Doctrinale et Littéraire du Moyen Âge 4: 5-107 (1929).

  81. Gilson Étienne, "Avicenne en Occident au Moyen Âge," Archives d'Histoire Doctrinale et Littéraire du Moyen Âge 44: 89-121 (1969).
    Reprinted in: Étienne Gilson, Études Médiévales, Paris, Vrin, 1986, pp. 193-121.

  82. Goichon Amélie-Marie. La distinction de l'essence et de l'existence d'aprés Ibn Sina (Avicenne). Paris: Desclée de Brouwer 1937.
    Reprinted by Institut für Geschichte der Arabisch-Islamischen Wissenschaften an der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, Frankfrurt am Main, 1999.

  83. Goichon Amélie-Marie. Lexique de la langue philosophique d'Ibn Sina (Avicenne). Paris: Desclée de Brouwer 1938.
    Reprinted by the Institute for the History of Arabic-Islamic Science at the Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, 1999.

  84. Goichon Amélie-Marie. Vocabulaires comparés d'Aristote et d'Ibn Sina. Supplément au Lexique de la langue philosophique d'Ibn Sina (Avicenne) . Reprinted by the Institute for the History of Arabic-Islamic Science at the Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, 1999. ed. Paris: Desclée de Brouwer 1939.

  85. Goichon Amélie-Marie. La philosophie d'Avicenne et son influence en Europe médiévale. Paris: Maisonneuive 1942.
    Forlong Lectures 1940.
    Second edition, corrected and augmented 1984.
    English translation: The philosophy of Avicenna and its influence on medieval Europe - Translated from the French with notes, annotations, and a preface by M. S. Khan - Delhi, Motilal Banarsidass, 1969.

  86. Goichon Amélie-Marie, "Avicenne, le philosophe de l'être," Revue de l'Institut des Belles Lettres Arabes 15: 49-62 (1952).

  87. Goichon Amélie-Marie. La démonstration de l'existence dans la logique d'Avicenne. In Mélanges d'orientalisme offerts à Henri Massé à l'occasion de son 75ème anniversaire. Téhéran: Imprimerie de l'Université 1963. pp. 165-184

  88. Goodman Lenn, "A note on Avicenna's theory of the substantiality of the soul," Philosophical Forum 1: 547-554 (1969).

  89. Goodman Lenn. Avicenna. New York: Routledge 1992.
    Contents: Preface; List of abbreviations; 1. Life, times, writings 1; 2. Metaphysics 49; 3. Ideas and immortality 123; 4. Logic, persuasion, and poetry 184; Index 234.

  90. Gutas Dimitri. Avicenna and the Aristotelian tradition. Introduction to reading Avicenna's philosophical works. Leiden: E. J. Brill 1988.

  91. Gutas Dimitri, "Ibn Tufayl on Ibn Sina's Eastern philosophy," Oriens.Journal of the International Society of Oriental Research 34: 221-249 (1994).

  92. Gutas Dimitri. Greek thought, Arabic culture. The Graeco-Arabic translation movement in Baghdad and early Abbasid society (2nd-4th/8th-10th centuries). New York: Routledge 1998.
    Translated in Italian by Cristina D'Ancona Costa as: Pensiero greco e cultura araba - Torino, Einaudi, 2002.

  93. Gutas Dimitri, "Avicenna's Eastern ("Oriental") philosophy. Nature, contents, transmission," Arabic Sciences and Philosophy 10: 159-180 (2000).

  94. Gutas Dimitri. The heritage of Avicenna: the Golden Age of Arabic philosophy, 1000-ca. 1350. In Avicenna and his heritage. Acts of the International Colloquium Leuven-Louvain-la-Neuve, September 8-September 11, 1999. Edited by Janssens Jules and Smet Daniel De. Leuven: Leuven University Press 2002. pp. 81-97

  95. Hasnawi Ahmad. Aspects de la synthèse avicennienne. In Penser avec Aristote. Edited by Sinaceur Mohammed Allal. Toulouse: Erès 1991. pp. 227-244

  96. Hasnawi Ahmad, "Le mouvement et les catégories selon Avicenne et Averroès: l'arrière-fond grec et les prolongements latins médiévaux," Oriens-Occidens 2: 119-122 (1998).

  97. Hasnawi Ahmad, "La définition du mouvement dans la 'Physique' du Sifa' d'Avicenne," Arabic Sciences and Philosophy 11: 219-255 (2001).

  98. Hasnawi Ahmad. Le statut catégorial du mouvement chez Avicenne: contexte grec et postérité médiévale latine. In De Zénon d'Élée à Poincaré. Recueil d'études en hommage à Roshdi Rashed. Edited by Morelon Régis and Hasnawi Ahmad. Louvain: Peeters Publishers 2004. pp. 607-622
    Les Cahiers du MIDEO. Vol. I

  99. Herrera Ibáñez Alejandro, "La distinción entre esencia y existencia en Avicena," Revista Latinoamericana de Filosofía 16: 183-195 (1990).
    "In this paper I examine (I) Avicenna's view that existence is an accident, (IIi) the status of the problem of the real distinction between essence and existence, and (III) the nature of Avicenna's essentialism. I conclude that Avicenna anticipated Frege and Russell in holding that existence is an accident of accidents. I also defend the view that Avicenna held that there is a real distinction between essence and existence. Finally, I hold that Avicenna's essentialism anticipates Meinong's view about nonexistent objects."

  100. Hourani George Fadlo, "Ibn Sina on necessary and possible existence," Philosophical Forum 4: 74-86 (1972).
    "Close translations of four Arabic texts where Ibn Sina (Avicenna) gives his well-known arguments for a 'necessary being' as cause of all other existents."

  101. Houser Rollen Edward. The place of the first principle of demonstration in Avicennian metaphysics. In Proceedings of the Patristic, Medieval and Renaissance (PMR) Conference. Vol. 6. Villanova: Augustinian Historical Institute, Villanova University 1981. pp. 117-134

  102. Houser Rollen Edward, "Let them suffer into the truth: Avicenna's remedy for those denying the axioms of thought," American Catholic Philosophical Quarterly 73: 107-133 (1999).
    "For those who are intransigent enough to deny even the principle of noncontradiction, Avicenna advises putting them to the fire or beating them, until they admit that pain is different from nonpain. This treatment may seem too severe, but illustrates theory and practice in his philosophy, and when viewed in that light even becomes reasonable. The paper has four parts: (1) how certain events in Avicenna's autobiography illustrate the interplay of philosophy, religion, and politics in his mind, (2) Avicenna's treatment of the principles of metaphysics in "Shifa', Met." 1, (3) Avicenna's reading of Aristotle on noncontradiction, (4) Avicenna's own treatment of noncontradiction in "Shifa'. Met." 1.8."

  103. Hussain Mohd, "The doctrine of Being in Ibn Sina's metaphysics," Islam and the Modern Age 23: 176-182 (1992).

  104. Inati Shams. Ibn Sina on single expressions. In Islamic theology and philosophy. Edited by Marmura Michael E. Albany: State University of New York Press 1984. pp. 148-159

  105. Jalbert G, "Le nécessaire et le possible dans la philosophie d'Avicenne," Revue de l'Université d'Ottawa 30: 89-101 (1960).

  106. Janssens Jules. L'Avicenne latin: particularités d'une traduction. In Avicenna and his heritage. Acts of the International Colloquium Leuven-Louvain-la-Neuve, September 8-September 11, 1999. Edited by Janssens Jules and Smet Daniel De. Leuven: Leuven University Press 1999. pp. 113-129
    Reprinted in: J. Janssens - Ibn Sina and his infulence on the Arabic ans Latin world - Aldersoht, Ashgate, 2006.

  107. Janssens Jules, "Avicenne et sa "paraphrase-commentaire" du livre Lambda (Kitab-alinsaf)," Recherches de Théologie et Philosophie Médiévales 70: 401-416 (2003).

  108. Janssens Jules. Ibn Sina and his influence on the Arabic and Latin world. Aldershot: Ashgate 2006.
    Collection of articles already published and a new preface.
    Contents: Preface; Ibn Sina, and his heritage in the Islamic world and in the Latin West; Ibn Sina's ideas of ultimate realities: Neoplatonism and the Qur'an as problem-solving paradigms in the Avicennian system; The problem of human freedom in Ibn Sina; Creation and emanation in Ibn Sina; Ibn Sina (Avicenne): un projet 'religieux' de philosophie?; Les Ta'liqat d'Ibn Sina: essai de structuration et de datation; Le Danesh-Nameh d'Ibn Sina: un texte à revoir?; Le ma'arij al-quds fi madarij ma'rifat al-nafs: un élément-clé pour le dossier Ghazzali-Ibn Sina?; Al-Ghazzali's Mi`yar al-'ilm fi fann al-mantiq: sources avicenniennes et farabiennes; Al-Ghazzali's Tahafut: is it really a rejection of Ibn Sina's philosophy?; Al-Ghazzali, and his use of Avicennian texts; Bahmanyar ibn Marzuban: a faithful disciple of Ibn Sina?; Mulla Sadra's use of Ibn Sina's Ta'liqat in the Asfar; L'Avicenne latin: particularités d'une traduction; L'Avicenne latin: un témoin (indirect) des commentateurs (Alexandre d'Aphrodise - Thémistius - Jean Philopon); Some elements of Avicennian influence on Henry of Ghent's psychology; Elements of Avicennian metaphysics in the Summa; Index.

  109. Janssens Jules. Le vocabulaire d'Avicenne. In Le vocabulaire des philosophes. Suppléments. Vol. I. Edited by Zarader Jean-Pierre. Paris: Ellipses 2006. pp. 13-64

  110. Jolivet Jean. Aux origines de l'ontologie d'Ibn Sina. In Études sur Avicenne. Edited by Jolivet Jean and Rashed Roshdi. Paris: les belles Lettres 1984. pp. 11-28
    Reprinted in: Jean Jolivet - Philosophie médiévale arabe et latine - Paris, Vrin, 1995, pp. 221-236.

  111. Jolivet Jean. La répartition des causes chez Aristote et Avicenne: le sens d'un déplacement. In Lectionum varietates. Hommage à Paul Vignaux (1904-1987). Edited by Jolivet Jean, Kaluza Zénon, and Libera Alain de. Paris: Vrin 1991. pp. 45-65

  112. Jolivet Jean. L'épistémologie de Descartes dans les Regulae et celle d'Avicenne. In Descartes et le Moyen age. Edited by Biard Joël and Rashed Roshdi. Paris: Vrin 1997. pp. 187-197
    Actes du Colloque organisé à la Sorbonne du 4 au 7 juin 1996 par le Centre d'histoire des sciences et des philosophies arabes et médiévales (URA 1085, CNRS/ÉPHÉ) à l'occasion du quatrième centenaire de la naissance de Descartes

  113. Jolivet Jean. Le vocabulaire de l'être et de la création dans la Philosophia prima de l'Avicenna latinus. In L''élaboration du vocabulaire philosophique au Moyen Âge. Edited by Hamesse Jacqueline and Steel Carlos. Turnhout: Brepols 2000. pp. 35-49
    Actes du Colloque international de Louvain-la-Neuve et Leuven 12-14 septembre 1998 organisé par la Société internationale pour l'étude de la philosophie médiévale

  114. Libera Alain de, "D'Avicenne à Averroès et retour. Sur les sources arabes de la théorie scolastique de l'Un transcendental," Arabic Sciences and Philosophy 4: 141-179 (1994).

  115. Libera Alain de. L'art des généralités: théories de l'abstraction. Paris: Aubier 1999.
    Chapter IV: Avicenne - pp. 499-636.
    In appendix translations by Marc Geoffroy from Arabic of relevant passages in Alexander of Aphrodisias and in the Metaphysics of the Shifa , pp. 637-79.

  116. Lizzini Olga, "Wugud-Mawgud / Existence-Existent in Avicenna. A key ontological notion in Arabic philosophy," Quaestio.The Yearbook of the History of Metaphysics 3: 111-138 (2003).

  117. Lizzini Olga, "Utility and gratuitousness of metaphysics: Avicenna, Ilahiyyat I, 3," Quaestio.The Yearbook of the History of Metaphysics 5: 287-305 (2005).

  118. Madkour Ibrahim, "Le traité des categories du Shifa'," Mélanges de l'Institut Dominicain d'Etudes Orientales (MIDEO) 5: 153-178 (1958).

  119. Madkour Ibrahim, "Introduction à la Métaphysique du Shifa'," Mélanges de l'Institut Dominicain d'Etudes Orientales (MIDEO) 6: 281-308 (1961).

  120. Madkour Ibrahim, "La théorie du syllogisme chez Avicenne," Mélanges de l'Institut Dominicain d'Etudes Orientales (MIDEO) 8: 131-144 (1966).

  121. Marmura Michael E., "Some aspects of Avicenna's theory of God's knowledge of particulars," Journal of the American Oriental Society 82: 299-312 (1962).

  122. Marmura Michael E. Avicenna Healing-Metaphysics X. In Medieval political philosophy. A sourcebook. Edited by Lerner Ralph and Mahdi Muhsin. New York: The Free Press of Glencoe 1963. pp. 98-111

  123. Marmura Michael E. Avicenna's Chapter "On the relative" in the Metaphysics of his Shifa. In Essays in Islamic philosophy and science. Edited by Hourani George Fadlo. Albany: State University of New York Press 1975. pp. 83-99

  124. Marmura Michael E. Avicenna's Chapter on Universals in the Isagoge of his Shifa. In Islam: Past influence and present challenge. Edited by Welch Alford T. and Cachia Pierre. Albany: State University of New York Press 1979. pp. 34-56
    Studies presented by his colleagues and students to William Montgomery Watt.

  125. Marmura Michael E., "Avicenna's proof from contingency for God's existence in the Metaphysics of the Shifa'," Mediaeval Studies 62: 337-352 (1980).

  126. Marmura Michael E., "Avicenna on the division of the sciences in the Isagoge of his Shifa'," Journal for the History of Arabic Science 4: 239-251 (1980).

  127. Marmura Michael E. Avicenna on primary concepts in the Metaphysics of his al-Shifa. In Logos Islamikos: Studia Islamica in honorem Georgii Michaelis Wickens. Edited by Savory Roger and Agius Dionisius. Toronto: Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies 1984. pp. 219-239

  128. Marmura Michael E. Avicenna: Metaphysics. In Encyclopaedia Iranica. Edited by Yarshater Ehrsan. London : Routledge & Kegan Paul 1987. pp. 73-79
    Vol. III

  129. Marmura Michael E. Quiddity and universality in Avicenna. In Neoplatonism and Islamic thought . Edited by Morewedge Parviz. Albany: State University of New York Press 1992. pp. 77-88

  130. Marmura Michael E. Probing in Islamic philosophy. Studies in the philosophies of Ibn Sina, al Ghazali and other major Muslims thinkers. Binghamton: Global Academic Publishing 2004.
    "Part I is devoted to Ibn Sina (Avicenna), noted for his refining the distinction between essence and existence, which constitutes the basis for his proof of God's existence and for his significant theory of the universals. The second part is devotes to Avicenna's theologian critic, Ghazali, noted for his argument that a necessary causal connection between natural events can be proved neither logically nor empirically. The third part pertains to various central themes in Islamic philosophy and includes discussions of the thought of such philosophers as Kindi, Razi, Ibn Tufayl, and Ibn Rushd (Averroes). It concludes with a discussion of on the issues that divided the Islamic theologians, namely whether the value of the moral act is intrinsic to it or whether it is solely derived from the religious law."

    Contents:
    I. Avicennan studies
    Preface VII; Avicenna's Division of the Sciences in the Isagoge of his Shifa 1; Avicenna's metaphysics (from Encyclopedia Iranica) 15; Avicenna's Chapter on Universals in the Isagoge of his Shifa' 31; Quiddity and universality in Avicenna 57; Some aspects of Avicenna's theory of God's knowledge of particulars 67; Avicenna and the Kalam 91; Avicenna's proof from contingency for God's existence in the Metaphysics of the Shifa' 123; Avicenna on primary concepts in the Metaphysics of his Shifa' 141; Avicenna and the problem of infinite number of souls 161; Avicenna's "Flying man" in context 169; Avicenna's theory of prophecy in the light of Ash'arite theology 185;
    II. Ghazalian Studies
    The logical role of the argument from time in the Tahafut's second proof for the world's pre-eternity 207; Ghazali and demonstrative science 217; Ghazali on ethical premises 247; Al-Ghazali on bodily resurrection and causality in the Tahafut and Iqtis'ad 253; Ghazali's Chapter on Divine power in the Iqtis'ad 279;
    III. Other Studies
    (With John Rist), Al-Kindi's discussion of divine existence and oneness 315; The fortuna of the Posterior Analytics in the Arabic Middle Ages 331; Divine Omniscience and future contingents in Alfarabi and Avicenna 349; The Islamic philosophers' conception of Islam 363; The philosopher and society: some medieval Arabic discussions 381; A medieval Islamic argument for the intrinsic value of the moral act 395.

  131. Maroth Miklos. Ibn Sina und die Peripatetische Aussagenlogik. Leiden: Brill 1989.
    Translated from the Ungarian by Johanna Till

  132. Martin Richard Milton, "On connotation and attribute," Journal of Philosophy 61: 711-723 (1964).
    "This article is a historical-philosophical discussion of two works by n Rescher on the history of Arabic logic. The most interesting essays in the former work are Al-FArabi's discussions of future contingencies and of existence as a predicate, Avicenna's analysis of conditional propositions, and Averroes' extensional analysis of modal propositions. In the first of these essays, Al-FArabi rejects the Stoic interpretation of Aristotle's "De interpretatione IX", which restricts the principle of the excluded middle; and in the second essay, Al-FArabi tries to harmonize a number of apparent inconsistencies in Aristotle's logic and metaphysics. The essays on Avicenna and Averroes are interesting for their discussion of temporal quantification. The translation of Al-Farabi's commentary also contains useful historical information. The most interesting part of the commentary is Al-Farabi's treatment of inductive arguments."

  133. McGinnis Jon, "Ibn Sina on the Now (A new translation with commentary of a section of Avicenna's Physics)," American Catholic Philosophical Quarterly 73: 73-106 (1999).
    "Ibn Sina's Treatise on the Now is philosophically deep analysis of Aristotle's temporal theory.
    The text is translated and discussed, with particular attention to both its un-Aristotelian and uniquely Avicennian aspects. Among the former is his conception of time as the flow of the now, a view found among Aristotle's later commentators, but absent from Aristotle himself. Ibn Sina's originality emerges most vividly in his solution to Aristotle's paradox against a "flowing" or changing now ("Physics" iv 10, 218a8-21). Ibn Sina's answer conceives of the now analogously to our contemporary mathematical notion of a limit."

  134. Mertz Donald W., "Instance ontology and Avicenna's arguments," Modern Schoolman 70: 189-199 (1993).

  135. Mondin Battista, "La metafisica di Avicenna," Sapienza 52: 257-279 (1999).
    "Avicenna is not only the greatest metaphysicians of Arabic philosophy, but through his excellent paraphrasis of Aristotle's "Metaphysics", he contributed to the knowledge of metaphysics among the Christian scholastics; and his influence on William of Auvergne, Albert the Great, St. Thomas Aquinas and Duns Scotus was quite strong. The present article analyzes the object and properties of metaphysics according to Avicenna; then it explains the structure of metaphysics, the four causes, the real distinction between essence and existence, and between the necessary and the possible, the proof of God's existence the attributes of God and the meaning of divine names, the origin of the world through emanation, divine providence and the problem of evil. The study is mainly based on the Kitab al-Shifa."

  136. Morewedge Parviz, "Ibn Sina's concept of the self," Philosophical Forum 4: 49-73 (1972).

  137. Morewedge Parviz, "Philosophical analysis and Ibn Sina's "essence-existence" distinction," Journal of the American Oriental Society 92: 425-435 (1972).
    Reprinted in: Parviz Morewedge - The mystical philosophy of Avicenna - Binghamton, Global Publications, 2001 pp. 33-55.

  138. Morewedge Parviz. The mystical philosophy of Avicenna. Binghamton: Global Publications, Binghamton University 2001.
    Contents: A introduction to Ibsn Sins's ontology 1; 1. Philosophical analysis and Ibn sina's essence-existence distinction 33; 2. The logic of Emanationism and Sufism in the philosophy of Ibn Sina (Avicenna) 57; 3. A third version of the ontological argument int eh Ibn Sinian Metaphysics 117; 4. The analysis of "Substance" un Tusi's Logic and in the Ibn Sinian tradition 165; 5. two senses of mysticism in the Neoplatonic and Sufic tradition 207-239.

    "Summary: The enclosed collection of essays focuses on the ontology of the most important medieval Muslim philosopher, ibn Sina (980-1037), proffering the theses that: (a) his ontology is incompatible with monotheistic theologies; (b) his cosmogony is not derivable from either Aristotelian or Neoplatonic systems; and finally (c) the mystical dimension of his system is in accord with monistic "nature mysticism," as classified by R. C. Zaehner*. In contrast to the views of majority of contemporary scholars that ibn Sina's philosophy essentially follows monotheistic or Greek philosophical systems, this collection emphasizes his original contributions to ontology and meta-mysticism."

    * [Robert Charles Zaehner - Mysticism sacred and profane. An inquiry into some varieties of praeternatural experience - New York, Oxford University Press, 1961]

  139. Nasr Seyyed Hossein, "Existence ('wujud') and Quiddity ('mahiyyah') in Islamic philosophy," International Philosophical Quarterly 29: 409-428 (1989).
    "This paper deals with the meaning of "wujud" and "mahiyyah" in various schools of Islamic thought. It begins by turning attention to the significance of this subject for Islamic philosophy as well as theology and even certain schools of sufism. It traces the history of the subject from Al-Farabi and Ibn Sina to Suhrawardi, Fakhr al-din Al-Razi and later Islamic philosophers such as Mir Damad and Mulla Sadra. The essay then deals with the basic distinctions made by Ibn Sina between necessity, contingency and impossibility which forms the basis of the ontology of Islamic philosophers."

  140. Owens Joseph. The relevance of Avicennean Neoplatonism. In Neoplatonism and Islamic thought. Edited by Morewedge Parviz. Albany: State University of New York Press 1992. pp. 41-50

  141. Porro Pasquale, "Universaux et esse essentiae: Avicenne, Henri de Gand et le "Troisième Reich"," Cahiers de Philosophie de l'Université de Caen 38-39: 9-51 (2002).
    Fascicle titled: Le Réalisme des universaux. Philosophie analytique rt philosophie médiévale

  142. Porro Pasquale. Tommaso d'Aquino, Avicenna e la struttura della metafisica. In Tommaso d'Aquino e l'oggetto della metafisica. Edited by Brock Stephen. Roma: Armando 2004. pp. 65-87

  143. Porro Pasquale. Duns Scot et le point de rupture avec Avicenne. In Duns Scot à Paris 1302-2002. Actes du colloque de Paris, 2-4 septembre 2002. Edited by Boulnois Olivier et al. Turnhout: Brepols 2004. pp. 195-218

  144. Rahman Fazlur, "Essence and existence in Avicenna," Mediaeval and Renaissance Studies 4: 1-16 (958).

  145. Rahman Fazlur, "Essence and existence in Ibn Sina. The myth and the reality," Hamdard Islamicus 4: 3-14 (1981).

  146. Ramón Guerrero Rafael, "Sobre el objecto de la metafisica según Avicena," Cuadernos de Pensamiento 10: 59-75 (1996).

  147. Rashed Marwan. Ibn 'Adi et Avicenne: sur les types d'existants. In Aristotele e I suoi esegeti neoplatonici. Logica e ontologia nelle interpretazioni greche e arabe.
    Atti del Convegno internazionale Roma 19-20 ottobre 2001.
    Edited by Celluprica Vincenza and D'Ancona Costa Cristina. Napoli: Bibliopolis 2004. pp. 107-171

  148. Reisman David C. The making of the Avicennan tradition. The transmission, contents, and structure of Ibn Sina's al-Mubahatat (The Discussions). Leiden: Brill Academic Publishers 2002.

  149. Rescher Nicholas, "Avicenna on the logic of 'conditional' propositions," Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic 4: 48-58 (1963).

  150. Rescher Nicholas. Studies in the history of Arabic logic. Pittsburgh: Pittsburgh University Press 1963.
    "In the ten essays brought together in this volume, the author discusses different aspects and problems related to the intellectual history of Islam and centered around logical and philosophical issues. the guiding line is that Arabic logic is entirely western and has nothing to do with "oriental philosophy." Six of the essays have appeared in different journals. The first essay, written especially for this volume, gives a brief account of the history of Arabic logic. The other essays deal with particular texts and problems related to the writings of such thinkers as Al-FArabi, Al-Kindi, Avicenna, Abu 'l-Salt of Denia, Averroes. The book contains extensive bibliographical references, documentary and critical notes."

  151. Rescher Nicholas. The development of Arabic logic.1964.
    "The book begins with a chapter on the "First century" of Arabic logic which is understood to be a period of transmission, translation and assimilation of mainly Alexandrian Aristotelianism.
    The author relates how toward the end of the development of Arabic logic the initial relationship which logic bore to medicine, mathematics and astronomy was replaced by a new kinship with the Islamic "sciences" of theology, law, philology and rhetoric."

  152. Rescher Nicholas. Temporal modalities in Arabic logic. Dordrecht: Reidel 1966.

  153. Rescher Nicholas, "Avicenna on the logic of questions," Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie 49: 1-6 (1967).
    "In the past few years the Logic of Questions has come into its own as a branch of logical theory which has generated widespread interest and has been extensively cultivated (1). It is thus germane to call attention to the (relatively brief) treatment of the theory of questions by the famous Persian-Arabic philosopher Avicenna (980-1037) (2).
    In several of his logical treatises, Avicenna takes up the task of providing an analysis and a systematic classification of questions (3)." p. 1

    (1) A pioneer work of the recent discussions is M. and A. Prior, "Erotetic Logic", The Philosophical Review, vol. 64 (1955) pp. 43-59. Three important monographs are: D. Harrah, Communication: A Logical Model, Cambridge Mass. 1963; N. D. Belnap, Jr., An Analysis of Questions: Preliminary Report, Santa Monica 1963; L. Aqvist, A New Approach to the Logical Theory of Interrogatives, Pt. I, Uppsala 1965.
    (2) On Avicenna as a logician see N. Rescher, The Development of Arabic Logic, Pittsburgh 1964, especially pp. 149-155.
    (3) Our principal sources are: (1) Danesh-name, anonymously edited in Teheran in 1331 A. H. (= 1912); tr. by M. Achena and M. Massi, Avicenne: Le Livre de Science, vol. I, Sections on logic and metaphysics; Paris 1955, pp. 84-85; (2) Kitab al-isharat wa-' l-tanbihat, ed. J. Forget, Leiden 1892; ed. with the commentary of NAsir al-Din al-Tusi (b. 1201) by S. Dunya, Cairo 1960; tr. A. M. Goichon, Livre des Directives et Remarques, Paris 1951; see pp. 85-86 of the Forget text and pp. 234-238 of the translation; (3) Kitab al-najat, et. M. Kurdi, Cairo 1938; The material on questions is extracted and translated in a series of footnotes on pp. 235-237 of A. M. Goichon, op. cit.

  154. Rescher Nicholas. Studies in Arabic philosophy. Pittsburgh: Pittsburgh University Press 1968.

  155. Rizvi Sajjad, "Roots of an aporia in later Islamic philosophy. The existence-essence distinction in the metaphysics of Avicenna and Suhrawardi," Studia Iranica 29: 61-108 (2000).
    "The distinction between existence and essence in contingent beings is one of the foundational doctrines of medieval philosophy. Building upon the Aristotelian logical distinction between a thing and its existence, Avicenna posited the distinction as a proof for the radical contingency of creation. However, one Islamic philosopher, who had an enormous influence on the development of philosophical discourse in Iran, subverted the traditional Peripatetic vision of reality and disputed the ontological nature of existence. Through a critique of the Peripatetic notion of existence, Suhrawardi denied that the term had 'reference' and demonstrated the irrelevance of the distinction for metaphysical inquiry, which should, instead, rely upon an eidetic vision of the 'hierarchy of lights'. The synthesis of these two views led to the crystallisation of Mullâ Sadrâ Shirâzi's famous doctrine of the ' primacy and systematically graded nature of being' ".

  156. Rizvi Sajjad. Process metaphysics in Islam? Avicenna and Mulla Sadra on intensification in Being. In Before and After Avicenna. Proceedings of the First Conference of the Avicenna Study Group. Edited by Reisman David C. Leiden: Brill Academic Publishers 2003. pp. 233-248

  157. Roccaro Giuseppe, "Il soggetto della scienza prima. Ibn Sina, As-sifa'. Al-ilahiyyat, I.1-2," Giornale di Metafisica 16: 45-69 (1994).
    In appendix: Italian translation of Al-ilahiyyat, I.1-2 (pp. 69-82)

  158. Sabra Abdelhamid I., "Avicenna on the subject matter of logic," Journal of Philosophy 77: 757-764 (1980).
    Reprinted in: Optics, astronomy, and logic. Studies in Arabic science and philosophy - Aldershot Variorum Reprints, 1994 (essay XVII).

    "Analysis of Avicenna's views on the subject matter of logic as presented in the introduction to the logical section of his "Kitab al-Shifa" -- the only part of this section that was translated into Latin in the Middle Ages. Attempts to clarify the distinctive character of Avicenna's account and point out Avicenna's emphasis on the intimate connection between logic and language. A brief historical introduction places Avicenna's view of the nature of logic in the context of Islamic."

  159. Sebti Meryem, "Le statut ontologique de l'image dans la doctrine avicennienne de la perception," Arabic Sciences and Philosophy 15: 109-140 (2005).

  160. Smith Gerard, "Avicenna and the possibles," New Scholasticism 17: 340-357 (1943).

  161. Stone Abraham, "Simplicius and Avicenna on the essential corporeity of material substance," Interdisciplinary Journal of Middle Eastern Studies 9: 73-130 (2001).

  162. Street Tony, "'The eminent later Scholar' in Avicenna's Book of the Syllogism," Arabic Sciences and Philosophy 11: 205-218 (2001).

  163. Street Tony, "An outline of Avicenna's syllogistic," Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie 84: 129-160 (2002).

  164. Street Tony, "Avicenna and Tusi on the contradiction and conversion of the absolute," History and Philosophy of Logic 21: 45-56 (2002).

  165. Vajda Georges, "Les notes d'Avicenne sur la Théologie d'Aristote," Revue Thomiste 51: 346-406 (1951).

  166. Verbeke Gerard, "Le "De anima" d'Avicenne, à propos d'une édition critique.," Revue Philosophique de Louvain 66: 619-629 (1968).
    "The article deals with the principles according to which the first critical edition of the Latin medieval translation of Avicenna's De anima IV-V has been prepared by Simone van Riet (University of Louvain, Belgium). The main topics are: the 'double readings', the choice of the basic manuscripts, the two critical apparatus and the two comparative vocabularies.
    The article also provides a survey of the Latin medieval translations of Avicenna in general and indicates the main themes set forth by G. Verbeke in the introduction about the psychological doctrine of Avicenna."

  167. Verbeke Gerard. Le statut de la Métaphysique. In Avicenna Latinus Liber de philosophia prima sive scientia divina I-IV. Louvain: Peters 1977. pp.
    Intoduction doctrinale pp. 1*-122*

  168. Verbeke Gerard. Une nuovelle théologie philosophique. In Avicenna Latinus Liber de philosophia prima sive scientia divina V-X.. Louvain: Peters 1980. pp.
    Introduction doctrinale 1*-80*.

  169. Verbeke Gerard, "Transmission d'Avicenne a l'Occident Latin. Les cheminements l'histoire," Revue de Théologie et de Philosophie 114: 51-64 (1982).
    "During the last years a critical edition of two important works of Avicenna according to their Latin medieval translation has been published: "De anima" and "De philosophia prima". This translation dates back to the 12th century: as far as the "De anima" is concerned the translation was made wih the help of a Jewish philosopher, Ibn Daoud, who was probably assisted by Dominicus Gundisalvi. Both translations were very influential in the Latin West: the doctrines expressed in them were widely accepted (with some restrictions) and were never censured by the Church."

  170. Verbeke Gerard. Deux étapes de la reflexion métaphysique: Aristote et Avicenne. In Vérité et Éthos: Recueil Commémoratif dédié à Alphonse-Marie Parent. Edited by Danek Jaromir. Québec: Les Presses de l'Université Laval 1982. pp. 57-86

  171. Verbeke Gerard. Avicenna. Grundleger einer neuen Metaphysik. Opladen: Westdeutscher Verlag 1983.

  172. Winovsky Robert, "Notes on Avicenna's concept of thingness (Say'iyya)," Arabic Sciences and Philosophy 10: 181-221 (2000).

  173. Winovsky Robert. Avicenna's metaphysics in context. Ithaca: Cornell University Press 2003.

  174. Winovsky Robert. Towards a history og Avicenna's distinction between immanent and transcendent causes. In Before and after Avicenna. Proceedings of the First Conference of the Avicenna Study Group. Edited by Reisman David C. and Al-Rahim Ahmed H. Leiden: Brill 2003. pp. 49-68

  175. Winovsky Robert. Avicenna and the Avicennian tradition. In The Cambridge Companion to Arabic philosophy. Edited by Adamson Peter and Taylor Richard. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 2005. pp. 92-136
    "My aim in this book is to present a history of the metaphysics of Abú `Ali al-Husayn ibn `Abdallah ibn Sinâ (born before 980 AD - died 1037 AD), known in the West by his Latinized name Avicenna.
    Since 1937, when Amélie-Marie Goichon published La distinction de l'essence et de l'existence d'après Ibn Sinâ (Avicenne), no serious book-length study specifically devoted to Avicenna's metaphysics has appeared. This is surprising enough given how influential Avicenna's metaphysical ideas were, but what makes it astonishing is that tremendous advances have taken place since Goichon's time in fields relevant to this topic. Those fields include - from the ultimate to the proximate, to use Avicenna's terms - the study of late antique Greek philosophy and the study of classical Islamic doctrinal theology, or kalâm; the study of the Greco-Arabic philosophical translations and the study of the philosophy of al-Farabi; and the study of Avicenna's metaphysics and the study of his intellectual biography."

  176. Wippel John F., "Commentary of Boethius De Trinitate: Thomas Aquinas and Avicenna on the relationship between First Philosophy and the other theoretical sciences," Thomist 37: 133-154 (1973).

  177. Wippel John F., "The Latin Avicenna as a source for Thomas Aquinas's metaphysics," Freiburger Zeitschrift für Philosophie und Theologie: 51-90 (1990).

  178. Wippel John F. Thomas Aquinas, Siger of Brabant, and their use of Avicenna in clarifying the subject of metaphysics. In The Proceedings of the Twentieth World Congress of philosophy. Volume 2: Metaphysics. Edited by Rockmore Tom. Bowling Green: Philosophy Documentation Center 1999. pp. 15-26
    "Both Aquinas and Siger were familiar with a fundamental disagreement within the earlier philosophical tradition concerning the subject of metaphysics: is it being as being, or is it divine being? if Avicenna represented one approach to this issue, and Averroes another, both Thomas and Siger were closer to Avicenna than to Averroes in their respective solutions. Nonetheless, each resolved the issue in a distinct way."

  179. Zedler Beatrice, "Saint Thomas and Avicenna in the De potentia," Traditio.Studies in Ancient and Medieval thought, history, and religion 6: 105-159 (1948).

  180. Zedler Beatrice, "Another look at Avicenna," New Scholasticism 50: 504-521 (1976).

  181. Zedler Beatrice, "Why are the possibles possible?," New Scholasticism 55: 113-130 (1981).

  182. Zghal Hatem. La connaissance des singuliers chez Avicenne. In De Zénon d'Élée à Poincaré. Recueil d'études en hommage à Roshdi Rashed. Edited by Morelon Régis and Hasnawi Ahmad. Louvain: Peeters Publishers 2004. pp. 685-718
    Les Cahiers du MIDEO. Vol. I

 


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