Journalism is the production and distribution of reports on the interaction of events, facts, ideas, and people that are the "news of the day" and that informs society to at least some degree of accuracy. The word, a noun, applies to the occupation (professional or not), the methods of gathering information, and the organizing literary styles.
The appropriate role for journalism varies from country to country, as do perceptions of the profession, and the resulting status. In some nations, the news media are controlled by government and are not independent. In others, news media are independent of the government and operate as private industry. In addition, countries may have differing implementations of laws handling the freedom of speech, freedom of the press as well as slander and libel cases.
The proliferation of the Internet and smartphones has brought significant changes to the media landscape since the turn of the 21st century. This has created a shift in the consumption of print media channels, as people increasingly consume news through e-readers, smartphones, and other personal electronic devices, as opposed to the more traditional formats of newspapers, magazines, or television news channels. News organizations are challenged to fully monetize their digital wing, as well as improvise on the context in which they publish in print. Newspapers have seen print revenues sink at a faster pace than the rate of growth for digital revenues. (Full article...)
The Philadelphia Inquirer, often referred to simply as The Inquirer, is a daily newspaper headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Founded on June 1, 1829, The Philadelphia Inquirer is the third-longest continuously operating daily newspaper in the United States.
The newspaper has the largest circulation of any newspaper in both Pennsylvania and the Philadelphia metropolitan area, which includes Philadelphia and its surrounding communities in southeastern Pennsylvania, South Jersey, northern Delaware, and the northern Eastern Shore of Maryland. As of 2020, the newspaper has the 17th-largest circulation of any newspaper in the United States As of 2020, The Inquirer has won 20 Pulitzer Prizes. (Full article...)
Artyom Borovik (September 13, 1960 – March 9, 2000) was a prominent Russianjournalist and mediamagnate. Borovik was a pioneer of investigative journalism in the Soviet Union during the beginning of glasnost. He worked for the American CBS program 60 Minutes during the 1990s, and began publishing his own monthly investigative newspaper Top Secret, which grew into a mass-media company involved in book publishing and television production. Borovik died in a Yak-40 aircraft crash minutes after takeoff from Sheremetyevo Airport on the way to Kiev. All 9 people aboard were killed.
Marcus Henry Kellogg (early 1830s – June 25, 1876) was a newspaper reporter killed at the Battle of the Little Bighorn. Born in Canada, Kellogg moved with his family to the United States. In 1851, the Kelloggs settled in La Crosse, Wisconsin, where Kellogg was employed as a telegrapher. In 1862, during the American Civil War, he began working for the La Crosse Democrat, a local paper. In 1867, he lost an election for the office of city clerk, and his wife died the next month. Leaving La Crosse, Kellogg was an editor for a paper in Council Bluffs, Iowa, in 1868. By the time the paper failed later that year, Kellogg was no longer associated with it.
Beginning in 1871, Kellogg was a correspondent for the St. Paul Pioneer, during the early 1870s, he resided primarily in Brainerd, Minnesota, and Bismarck, North Dakota. For a time in 1873, Kellogg was employed by Clement Lounsberry's paper the Bismarck Tribune. In 1876, Kellogg accompanied Lieutenant Colonel George Armstrong Custer and the 7th Cavalry Regiment on an expedition against Native Americans, possibly as a replacement for Lounsberry. Kellogg's reports were written for Lounsberry and the Bismarck Tribune, but they were picked up in papers across the country. Kellogg was accompanying Custer's wing of the 7th Cavalry on June 25, 1876, when it was annihilated at Little Bighorn. He is considered the first correspondent for the Associated Press to die in the line of duty. (Full article...)
Image 24International newspapers on sale in Paris (from Newspaper)
Image 25"Geronimo's camp before surrender to General Crook, March 27, 1886: Geronimo and Natches mounted; Geronimo's son (Perico) standing at his side holding baby." By C. S. Fly. (from Photojournalism)
Image 26US newspaper advertising revenue—Newspaper Association of America published data (from Newspaper)
[This is] the most important question relating to the reporter's privilege: Who's entitled to claim it? When the privilege started, it was meant to cover the establishment press: the New York Times, the Washington Post, the major television networks. But as our media have become more diverse and more diffuse, the question of who is a member of the press, and so who gets to claim the privilege, has really come to the fore. Is the blogger entitled to claim it? And if the blogger is, then why not you, and me, and everybody else in the world? And once that happens, there's a real problem for prosecutors seeking to obtain information. So the question of whether you can draw lines in this area, and if so how, is the real question of privilege.
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^Canadian Library Journal, Canadian Library Association, v. 27, 1992. Digitized Dec 27, 2007 from the University of California.
^Murphy, Lawrence William. "An Introduction to Journalism: Authoritative Views on the Profession", 1930. T. Nelson and sons Journalism. Original from the University of California. Digitized Oct 23, 2007.