allergy

English

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allergy

Etymology

Borrowed from German Allergie. Coined by Austrian pediatrician Clemens von Pirquet in 1906 from Ancient Greek ἄλλος (állos, “other”) + ἔργον (érgon, “work, activity”), on the model of Energie.

Pronunciation

enPR: ălʹər-jē; IPA^(key): /ˈæl.əɹ.d͡ʒi/
- (UK) IPA^(key): [ˈæl.ə.dʒi]
- Audio (Southern England): (file)
- (US) IPA^(key): [ˈæl.ɚ.d͡ʒi]
(Indic) IPA^(key): /əˈlɜ(ɾ)dʒi/
Hyphenation: al‧ler‧gy

Noun

allergy (plural allergies)

(medicine, immunology, loosely) A disorder of the immune system causing adverse reactions to substances (allergens) not harmful to most and marked by the body's production of histamines and associated with atopy, anaphylaxis, and asthma; any condition of hypersensitivity to a substance.
2. (medicine, immunology, strictly) Specifically, hypersensitivity of class I in the modern classification thereof: the immunoglobulin E–mediated type.
(informal, figuratively) An antipathy, as toward a person or activity.
He has an allergy to reality TV.

Usage notes

From its coining in 1906 until the 1960s, the word allergy always covered any kind of hypersensitivity reactions. Since then, the word also has a stricter sense referring specifically to only a subset of them, mediated by a certain antibody. Both senses remain in wide use.

Synonyms

(disorder of the immune system): type 1 hypersensitivity
(hypersensitivity): intolerance

Hypernyms

(disorder of the immune system): hypersensitivity

Derived terms

Descendants

→ Bengali: এলার্জি (elarji)
→ Cebuano: alerdyi
→ Hindi: एलर्जी (elarjī)
→ Urdu: الرجی (alarjī)

Translations

disorder of the immune system

Albanian: alergji (sq) f
Arabic: أَرَجِيَّة f (ʔarajiyya), حَسَّاسِيَّة f (ḥassāsiyya)
Armenian: ալերգիա (hy) (alergia)
Asturian: alerxa f
Azerbaijani: allergiya
South Azerbaijani: حساسیة (həssasiyyət)
Belarusian: алергі́я f (aljerhíja)
Bengali: এলার্জি (elarji)
Bulgarian: але́ргия (bg) f (alérgija)
Burmese: မတဲ့ဘူး (ma.tai.bhu:)
Catalan: al·lèrgia (ca) f
Chinese:
Mandarin: 過敏 / 过敏 (zh) (guòmǐn)
Cornish: alergedh m
Czech: alergie (cs) f
Danish: allergi (da) c
Dutch: allergie (nl) f
Esperanto: alergio
Estonian: allergia
Faroese: ovurviðkvæmi n
Finnish: allergia (fi)
French: allergie (fr) f
Galician: alerxia (gl) f
Georgian: ალერგია (alergia)
German: Allergie (de) f
Greek: αλλεργία (el) f (allergía)
Greenlandic: please add this translation if you can
Hebrew: אַלֶרגִיָה (he) f (alergiya)
Hindi: एलर्जी f (elarjī)
Hungarian: allergia (hu)
Icelandic: ofnæmi (is) n
Ido: alergio (io)
Indonesian: alergi (id)
Irish: ailléirge f
Italian: allergia (it) f
Japanese: アレルギー (ja) (arerugī)
Kazakh: аллергия (allergiä)
Khmer: អាឡែរហ្សី (ʼaalaezəy), អាឡែស៊ី (ʼaalaesii)
Korean: 알레르기 (ko) (allereugi)
Kyrgyz: аллергия (ky) (allergiya)
Lao: please add this translation if you can
Latvian: alerģija f
Lithuanian: alergija f
Macedonian: алергија f (alergija)
Malay: alahan (ms), alergi (ms)
Manx: allerjee
Maori: mate pāwera, mate tūtohu
Mongolian: харшил (mn) (xaršil)
Navajo: hojoołáhígíí
Northern Sami: allergiija
Norwegian:
Bokmål: allergi (no) m

Nynorsk: allergi m
Persian: آلرژی (fa) (âlerži), حساسیت (fa) (hassâsiyat)
Polish: uczulenie (pl) n, alergia (pl) f
Portuguese: alergia (pt) f
Romanian: alergie (ro) f
Russian: аллерги́я (ru) f (allergíja)
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: алѐргија f

Roman: alèrgija f
Slovak: alergia (sk) f
Slovene: alergija (sl) f
Spanish: alergia (es) f
Swedish: allergi (sv) c
Tagalog: taluramdam, taluhiyang
Tajik: аллергиа (allergia)
Tamil: ஒவ்வாமை (ta) (ovvāmai)
Thai: ภูมิแพ้ (th) (puum-pɛ́ɛ)
Tibetan: ཆམས་ཚི (chams tshi)
Turkish: alerji (tr)
Turkmen: allergiýa
Ukrainian: алергі́я (uk) f (alerhíja)
Urdu: الرجی f (elarjī)
Uzbek: allergiya (uz)
Vietnamese: dị ứng
Yiddish: אַלערגיע (alergye)
Zazaki: alerciye (diq) f

hypersensitivity

Arabic: أَرَجِيَّة f (ʔarajiyya), حَسَّاسِيَّة f (ḥassāsiyya)
Armenian: ալերգիա (hy) (alergia)
Chinese:
Mandarin: 過敏 / 过敏 (zh) (guòmǐn)
Cornish: alergedh m
Dutch: allergie (nl) f
Finnish: allergia (fi)
French: allergie (fr) f
Galician: alerxia (gl) f
German: Allergie (de) f
Ido: alergio (io)
Irish: ailléirge f
Japanese: アレルギー (ja) (arerugī)
Korean: 알레르기 (ko) (allereugi)
Maori: mate pāwera
Persian: آلرژی (fa) (âlerži), حساسیت (fa) (hassâsiyat)
Polish: alergia (pl) f
Portuguese: alergia (pt) f
Romanian: alergie (ro) f
Russian: аллерги́я (ru) f (allergíja)
Spanish: alergia (es) f

altered susceptibility

Armenian: ալերգիա (hy) (alergia)
Cornish: alergedh m
Finnish: allergia (fi)
Japanese: アレルギー (ja) (arerugī)
Korean: 알레르기 (ko) (allereugi)
Macedonian: але́ргија f (alérgija)
Russian: аллерги́я (ru) (allergíja)
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: алѐргија f

Roman: alèrgija f
Swedish: allergi (sv) c

antipathy

Armenian: ալերգիա (hy) (alergia)
Catalan: al·lèrgia (ca) f
Cornish: alergedh m
Czech: alergie (cs) f
Dutch: allergie (nl) f
Finnish: allergia (fi)
French: allergie (fr) f
German: Allergie (de) f
Hungarian: allergia (hu)
Japanese: アレルギー (ja) (arerugī)
Macedonian: але́ргија f (alérgija)
Polish: alergia (pl) f, awersja (pl) f, uczulenie (pl) n
Portuguese: alergia (pt) f, ojeriza (pt) f, antipatia (pt) f
Russian: аллерги́я (ru) (allergíja)
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: алѐргија f

Roman: alèrgija f
Swedish: allergi (sv) c

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

Esperanto: ^{(please verify)} trosentemo
German: ^{(please verify)} Allergie (de) f
Macedonian: ^{(please verify)} але́ргија f (alérgija)
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: ^{(please verify)} алѐргија f

Roman: ^{(please verify)} alèrgija f
Swedish: ^{(please verify)} allergi (sv) c, ^{(please verify)} överkänslighet (sv) c

Anagrams

Gallery, largely, regally, Allgyer, gallery