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Luvesilocin - Wikipedia Jump to content

Luvesilocin

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Luvesilocin
Clinical data
Other namesRE-104; RE104; FT-104; FT104; 4-Glutaryloxy-N,N-diisopropyltryptamine; 4-Hydroxy-N,N-diisopropyltryptamine O-glutarate; O-Glutaryl-4-hydroxy-N,N-diisopropyltryptamine; 4-HO-DiPT glutarate; O-Glutaryl-4-HO-DiPT; 4-GO-DiPT
Routes of
administration		Oral, subcutaneous injection[1][2]
Drug classNon-selective serotonin receptor agonist; Serotonin 5-HT2A receptor agonist; Serotonergic psychedelic; Hallucinogen
ATC code
  • None
Legal status
Legal status
  • Investigational
Pharmacokinetic data
Elimination half-life• Luvesilocin: 0.43–0.64 hours (s.c.Tooltip subcutaneous injection)[1][2]
• 4-HO-DiPT: 2.7–4.1 hours (s.c.Tooltip subcutaneous injection)[1][2]
Duration of action~3.6 hours (s.c.Tooltip subcutaneous injection)[1][2]
Identifiers
  • 1-[3-[2-[Bis(1-methylethyl)amino]ethyl]-1H-indol-4-yl] pentanedioate
CAS Number
PubChem CID
UNII
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC21H30N2O
Molar mass326.484 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
  • CC(C)N(CCC1=CNC2=C1C(=CC=C2)OC(=O)CCCC(=O)O)C(C)C
  • InChI=1S/C21H30N2O4/c1-14(2)23(15(3)4)12-11-16-13-22-17-7-5-8-18(21(16)17)27-20(26)10-6-9-19(24)25/h5,7-8,13-15,22H,6,9-12H2,1-4H3,(H,24,25)
  • Key:LSDOIAGGRBGDJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Luvesilocin, also known as RE104 and FT-104, as well as 4-glutaryloxy-N,N-diisopropyltryptamine (4-HO-DiPT O-glutarate or 4-GO-DiPT), is a psychedelic drug of the tryptamine and 4-hydroxytryptamine families which is under development for the treatment of psychiatric disorders.[3][4] It is taken orally or by subcutaneous injection.[3][2]

The drug is a prodrug ester of 4-HO-DiPT, which acts as a non-selective serotonin receptor agonist including of the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor.[5] 4-HO-DiPT produces psychedelic-like effects in animals.[5]

Luvesilocin was first described in the literature in 2021.[6][7] It is under development for the treatment of postpartum depression and treatment-resistant depression.[8][9][10][11] As of September 2025, the drug has reached phase 2 clinical trials.[12] A phase 3 trial is planned for 2026.[12]

Use and effects

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See also: 4-HO-DiPT § Use and effects
Luvesilocin (RE104; 4-GO-DiPT) Drug Effects Questionnaire (DEQ) "feel high" ratings at doses of 5 to 40 mg via subcutaneous injection over 6 hours.[2]

The effects of luvesilocin have been clinically studied.[2] It was evaluated at doses of 5 to 40 mg (equivalent to ~4–32 mg 4-HO-DiPT) by subcutaneous injection in this study.[2] The drug was specifically assessed in terms of modified Drug Effects Questionnaire (DEQ) ratings, Mystical Experience Questionnaire (MEQ) ratings, and adverse effects.[2] The mean duration of the psychedelic experience after administration of luvesilocin at a dose of 30 mg was found to be 3.6 hours.[2][1]

Interactions

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See also: Psychedelic drug § Interactions, and Trip killer § Serotonergic psychedelic antidotes

Pharmacology

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Pharmacodynamics

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Luvesilocin is a prodrug that is metabolized into 4-HO-DiPT.[5][13] This metabolite is an analogue of the neurotransmitter serotonin and acts as a non-selective serotonin receptor agonist, including of the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor.[5] Activation of the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor is thought to be specifically responsible for the hallucinogenic effects of serotonergic psychedelics.[citation needed]

4-HO-DiPT produces the head-twitch response, a behavioral proxy of psychedelic effects, in rodents.[14] In drug discrimination tests, 4-HO-DiPT fully substituted for the psychedelic drug DOM, with 5-fold lower potency than DOM and 2-fold lower potency than psilocin (4-HO-DMT).[15]

The drug activates basolateral amygdala (BLA) interneurons via the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor to enhance GABAergic inhibition of principal neurons in the BLA, which may mediate an anxiolytic effect of suppression of learned fear (fear extinction) in rodents.[6][16]

Pharmacokinetics

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Given by subcutaneous injection, the elimination half-life of luvesilocin is 0.43 to 0.64 hours and of 4-HO-DiPT is 2.7 to 4.1 hours.[2] The mean duration with this route at the employed dose was 3.6 hours.[2]

Chemistry

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Synthesis

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The chemical synthesis of luvesilocin has been described.[5]

History

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Luvesilocin was first described in the literature in 2021.[6][7]

Society and culture

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Names

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Luvesilocin is the generic name of the drug and its INNTooltip International Nonproprietary Name.[17] It is also known by its developmental code names RE104 or RE-104 and FT104 or FT-104.[3]

Research

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Luvesilocin is under development for the treatment of postpartum depression (PPD), treatment-resistant depression, and other psychiatric disorders.[3][1][18][19] As of September 2025, it has reached phase 2 clinical trials for these indications.[12] A phase 3 trial is planned for 2026.[12] The drug is being developed by Reunion Neuroscience (formerly known as Field Trip Health).[3]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c d e f Pollack M, Hocevar-Trnka J, Bryson N, Taylor B, Johnson M, Alexander R (December 2024). "ACNP 63rd Annual Meeting: Poster Abstracts P609-P914: P697. RE104: A Novel, Shorter-Acting Psychedelic for Post Partum Depression". Neuropsychopharmacology. 49 (Suppl 1): 418–594 (469–470). doi:10.1038/s41386-024-02013-y. PMID 39643635.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Ludbrook G, Bryson N, Taylor B, Hocevar-Trnka J, Johnson MW, Hirman J, et al. (2025). "Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics, and Pharmacodynamics of Subcutaneous RE104: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Single Ascending Dose Placebo-Controlled Study". J Clin Psychopharmacol. 45 (5): 441–453. doi:10.1097/JCP.0000000000002047. PMC 12379775. PMID 40685873.
  3. ^ a b c d e "RE 104". AdisInsight. 23 September 2025. Retrieved 8 October 2025.
  4. ^ Braner S (May 8, 2024). "Reunion Neuroscience raises $103 million for a psychedelic to treat depression". Chemical & Engineering News.
  5. ^ a b c d e Bryson N, Alexander R, Asnis-Alibozek A, Ehlers MD (June 2024). "RE104: Synthesis and Activity of a Novel Serotonergic Psychedelic Prodrug of 4-Hydroxy-N,N-diisopropyltryptamine". ACS Chemical Neuroscience. 15 (12): 2386–2395. doi:10.1021/acschemneuro.4c00058. PMC 11191588. PMID 38758589.
  6. ^ a b c "4-HO-DiPT". Psychedelic Science Review. 23 June 2022. Retrieved 8 October 2025.
  7. ^ a b Bryson N. Tryptamine prodrugs. US 2021/0403425 A1, Field Trip Psychedelics, Inc0. Published online April 5, 2022. Accessed May 27, 2022. https://patents.google.com/patent/US11292765B2/en?q=field+trip+health&assignee=Field+Trip+Psychedelics+Inc.
  8. ^ Hallifax J (11 August 2022). "An Inside Look into Field Trip's Next-Generation Psychedelic, FT-104".
  9. ^ WO 2022/000091, Bryson N, "Tryptamine prodrugs", published 6 January 2022, assigned to Field Trip Psychedelics Inc. 
  10. ^ US 2022/0024956, Slassi A, Araujo J, "Psilocin derivatives as serotonergic psychedelic agents for the treatment of CNS disorders.", published 27 January 2022, assigned to Mindset Pharma Inc. 
  11. ^ WO 2022/246572, Slassi A, Araujo J, Higgin GH, Gabriele J, "Hallucinogen-Fatty Acid Combination", published 1 December 2022, assigned to Mindset Pharma Inc. 
  12. ^ a b c d Alexander R, Hocevar-Trnka J (June 26, 2024). "RE104: A Novel, Fast-Acting Psychedelic for Postpartum Depression". psychiatrictimes.com.
  13. ^ "Reunion Neuroscience Announces Publication of Results from Early Preclinical Studies Demonstrating the Potential of RE104 for Development in Depressive Disorders". GlobalNewswire. May 20, 2024 – via Yahoo!Finance.
  14. ^ Klein AK, Chatha M, Laskowski LJ, Anderson EI, Brandt SD, Chapman SJ, et al. (April 2021). "Investigation of the Structure-Activity Relationships of Psilocybin Analogues". ACS Pharmacology & Translational Science. 4 (2): 533–542. doi:10.1021/acsptsci.0c00176. PMC 8033608. PMID 33860183.
  15. ^ Gatch MB, Hoch A, Carbonaro TM (April 2021). "Discriminative Stimulus Effects of Substituted Tryptamines in Rats". ACS Pharmacology & Translational Science. 4 (2): 467–471. doi:10.1021/acsptsci.0c00173. PMC 8033599. PMID 33860176.
  16. ^ Kelly TJ, Bonniwell EM, Mu L, Liu X, Hu Y, Friedman V, et al. (April 2024). "Psilocybin analog 4-OH-DiPT enhances fear extinction and GABAergic inhibition of principal neurons in the basolateral amygdala". Neuropsychopharmacology. 49 (5): 854–863. doi:10.1038/s41386-023-01744-8. PMC 10948882. PMID 37752222.
  17. ^ "International Nonproprietary Names for Pharmaceutical Substances (INN)" (PDF). www.cdn.who.int. Retrieved 18 September 2025.
  18. ^ Reunion Neuroscience Inc (2025-03-06). A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Parallel-Group Dose-Controlled Study Evaluating the Safety and Efficacy of RE104 for Injection in the Treatment of Patients With Postpartum Depression (PPD) (Report). clinicaltrials.gov.
  19. ^ Reunion Neuroscience Inc (2025-03-06). A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Parallel-Group Dose-Controlled Study Evaluating the Safety and Efficacy of RE104 for Injection in the Treatment of Patients With Postpartum Depression (PPD) (Report). clinicaltrials.gov.
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