Neijiang
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Neijiang
内江市 Nei-chiang, Neikiang | |
|---|---|
 Neijiang in 2012 | |
 Location of Neijiang in Sichuan | |
| Coordinates (Neijiang municipal government): 29°34′49″N 105°03′29″E / 29.5802°N 105.0580°E | |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Province | Sichuan |
| Municipal seat | Shizhong District |
| Area | |
| 5,385.33 km2 (2,079.29 sq mi) | |
| • Urban | 1,568.1 km2 (605.4 sq mi) |
| • Metro | 1,568.1 km2 (605.4 sq mi) |
| Population (2020 census)[1] | |
| 3,140,678 | |
| • Density | 583.191/km2 (1,510.46/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 1,179,140 |
| • Urban density | 751.95/km2 (1,947.6/sq mi) |
| • Metro | 1,179,140 |
| • Metro density | 751.95/km2 (1,947.6/sq mi) |
| GDP[2] | |
| • Prefecture-level city | CN¥ 119.9 billion US$ 19.2 billion |
| • Per capita | CN¥ 32,081 US$ 5,151 |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
| Postal code | 641000 |
| ISO 3166 code | CN-SC-10 |
| Website | www |
Neijiang (simplified Chinese: 内江; traditional Chinese: 內江; Sichuanese Pinyin: Nui4jiang1; Sichuanese pronunciation: [nuei˨˩˧tɕiaŋ˥]; pinyin: Nèijiāng; Wade–Giles: Nei-chiang) is a prefecture-level city in the southeast of Sichuan province, People's Republic of China. It is located on the Tuo River, midway between the two major cities of Chengdu and Chongqing, is a transportation and food-processing center. The population of the entire prefecture was 3,140,678 at the 2020 census, and the population of the built-up (metro) area was 1,179,140 in the 2 urban districts of Shizhong and Dongxing.
History
[edit]
In medieval times the locality was an important salt-producing area, but in recent times its name has been associated with the cultivation of sugarcane; it is commonly referred to as the sugar capital (甜城) of Sichuan. During the economic boom of China in the 1990s and early 21st century, Neijiang has been transformed and its industries now range from engineering, electronics, chemicals, construction materials, to consumer goods. It is also the home of Neijiang Normal College and many other educational institutions. Its geographic location puts it in the center of the southern Sichuan transport network. Neijiang is also the hometown of Zhang Daqian, one of the best-known and most prodigious Chinese artists of the twentieth century.
Administrative divisions
[edit]| Map | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| # | Name | Hanzi | Hanyu Pinyin | Population (2010) |
Area (km2) | Density (/km2) |
| 1 | Shizhong District | 市中区 | Shìzhōng Qū | 501,285 | 388 | 1,292 |
| 2 | Dongxing District | 东兴区 | Dōngxīng Qū | 749,810 | 1,181 | 635 |
| 3 | Longchang City | 隆昌市 | Lóngchāng Shì | 633,210 | 794 | 797 |
| 4 | Weiyuan County | 威远县 | Wēiyuǎn Xiàn | 626,482 | 1,289 | 486 |
| 5 | Zizhong County | 资中县 | Zīzhōng Xiàn | 1,192,060 | 1,734 | 687 |
Climate
[edit]| Climate data for Neijiang (Dongxing District), elevation 350 m (1,150 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 19.0 (66.2) |
23.9 (75.0) |
32.6 (90.7) |
34.9 (94.8) |
36.7 (98.1) |
38.0 (100.4) |
39.2 (102.6) |
43.8 (110.8) |
39.4 (102.9) |
32.4 (90.3) |
25.2 (77.4) |
18.3 (64.9) |
43.8 (110.8) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 10.1 (50.2) |
13.6 (56.5) |
18.9 (66.0) |
23.9 (75.0) |
27.4 (81.3) |
28.9 (84.0) |
32.1 (89.8) |
32.0 (89.6) |
27.0 (80.6) |
21.5 (70.7) |
16.8 (62.2) |
11.3 (52.3) |
22.0 (71.5) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 7.0 (44.6) |
9.7 (49.5) |
14.1 (57.4) |
18.7 (65.7) |
22.2 (72.0) |
24.4 (75.9) |
27.1 (80.8) |
26.8 (80.2) |
22.8 (73.0) |
18.0 (64.4) |
13.3 (55.9) |
8.3 (46.9) |
17.7 (63.9) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 4.8 (40.6) |
7.0 (44.6) |
10.7 (51.3) |
14.9 (58.8) |
18.4 (65.1) |
21.3 (70.3) |
23.6 (74.5) |
23.3 (73.9) |
20.2 (68.4) |
15.9 (60.6) |
11.2 (52.2) |
6.3 (43.3) |
14.8 (58.6) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −2.4 (27.7) |
−0.8 (30.6) |
1.4 (34.5) |
5.7 (42.3) |
9.6 (49.3) |
15.2 (59.4) |
17.4 (63.3) |
16.8 (62.2) |
13.9 (57.0) |
8.3 (46.9) |
0.8 (33.4) |
−2.4 (27.7) |
−2.4 (27.7) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 14.6 (0.57) |
13.6 (0.54) |
32.0 (1.26) |
62.6 (2.46) |
91.8 (3.61) |
179.2 (7.06) |
189.2 (7.45) |
157.0 (6.18) |
120.6 (4.75) |
60.4 (2.38) |
24.7 (0.97) |
13.0 (0.51) |
958.7 (37.74) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 9.4 | 6.7 | 9.5 | 12.8 | 14.1 | 15.6 | 12.6 | 11.7 | 14.9 | 15.7 | 9.4 | 8.6 | 141 |
| Average snowy days | 0.4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.2 | 0.6 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 85 | 79 | 75 | 76 | 76 | 83 | 82 | 81 | 86 | 88 | 86 | 86 | 82 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 34.6 | 55.5 | 102.0 | 122.0 | 129.2 | 100.0 | 160.2 | 164.7 | 86.8 | 54.6 | 47.7 | 34.5 | 1,091.8 |
| Percentage possible sunshine | 11 | 18 | 27 | 31 | 31 | 24 | 38 | 41 | 24 | 16 | 15 | 11 | 24 |
| Source: China Meteorological Administration[3][4] all-time extreme temperature[5] | |||||||||||||
Population
[edit]According to the 2010 Sixth National Population Census, Neijiang had a registered population of 4,278,501 and a resident population of 3,702,847. Compared with the Fifth National Population Census, the resident population decreased by 457,458 over ten years, a decline of 11.0%, with an average annual decrease of 1.16%. Among the resident population, there were 1,878,205 males (50.72%) and 1,824,642 females (49.28%), with a sex ratio of 102.94 males per 100 females. By age group, 615,740 people were aged 0–14 (16.63%), 2,648,468 were aged 15–64 (71.53%), and 438,639 were aged 65 and above (11.84%).[6]
By the end of 2017, Neijiang’s registered population was 4.1473 million, a decrease of 53,300 from the previous year. The birth rate was 10.67‰, the death rate 10.93‰, and the natural population growth rate -0.26‰. The resident population at year-end was 3.7537 million, an increase of 6,700 from the previous year. The urbanization rate reached 47.9%, up 1.2 percentage points from the previous year.[7]
According to the 2020 Seventh National Population Census, Neijiang’s resident population was 3,140,678. Compared with 3,702,847 in the Sixth Census, it decreased by 562,169 over ten years, a decline of 15.18%, with an average annual growth rate of -1.63%. Among the population, 1,578,533 were male (50.26%) and 1,562,145 were female (49.74%), with a sex ratio of 101.05 males per 100 females. The population aged 0–14 was 488,236 (15.55%), those aged 15–59 numbered 1,859,882 (59.22%), and those aged 60 and above totaled 792,560 (25.24%), including 629,108 aged 65 and above (20.03%). Urban residents numbered 1,572,595 (50.07%), while rural residents were 1,568,083 (49.93%).[8]
At the end of 2023, Neijiang’s registered population was 3.967 million, a decrease of 21,500 from the previous year, including 2.0421 million males, down 11,500. During the year, there were 19,800 births, with a birth rate of 4.98‰, and 23,600 deaths, with a death rate of 5.94‰.[9]
Transportation
[edit]Neijiang railway station is situated on the Chengdu–Chongqing railway and is the most central. The Neijiang–Kunming railway also starts here. Neijiang North railway station is situated on the Chengdu–Chongqing intercity railway and is served by high-speed trains.
Tourism
[edit]The Longchang Archway Complex, located in Longchang, Sichuan, is a National 4A-level tourist attraction and a Major Historical and Cultural Site Protected at the National Level. It consists of 17 stone archways, originally built between the Southern Song and the Republic of China periods, with most constructed during the Qing Dynasty. The archways are made of stone in the traditional archway style, about 9 meters wide and 11 meters high, featuring carvings of historical figures and traditional patterns. The complex reflects the architectural characteristics of the Ming and Qing dynasties and holds multidisciplinary cultural value, earning it the reputation as the “Hometown of Chinese Archways.”[10]
Shengshui Temple, formerly known as Xingci Chan Monastery, was founded during the Xiantong period of the Tang Dynasty and covers about 20,000 square meters. Existing structures include the Hall of Heavenly Kings, Mahavira Hall, Sutra Library, Yuanjue Hall, Ancient Great Compassion Hall, and Dharma Hall. It is one of the eight major monastic complexes in Sichuan and was designated a Major Historical and Cultural Site Protected at the National Level in 2013.[11]
Zizhong Confucian Temple and Martial Temple are Qing Dynasty architectural relics located about 100 meters apart. The Confucian Temple features a compound quadrangle layout, with main buildings including the Dacheng Hall, Chongsheng Shrine, Bell Tower, and Drum Tower, all with glazed tile roofs reflecting southern Chinese architectural style. The Martial Temple comprises the Guansheng Hall, Wuxing Hall, and Sanyi Shrine, and is well preserved. Both temples serve as important sites for the study of Confucianism and are valuable examples of “temple-school combined” architecture. They were listed as Major Historical and Cultural Sites Protected at the National Level in 2006.[12][13]
Notable people
[edit]- Chang Dai-chien, artist
- Tian Ye, mathematician[14]
References
[edit]- ^ "China: Sìchuān (Prefectures, Cities, Districts and Counties) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map".
- ^ 四川省统计局、国家统计局四川调查总队 (2016). 《四川统计年鉴－2016》. China Statistics Press. ISBN 978-7-5037-7871-1.
- ^ 中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 29 July 2023.
- ^ 中国气象数据网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 29 July 2023.
- ^ "Extreme Temperatures Around the World". Retrieved 2024-10-23.
- ^ "内江市2010年第六次全国人口普查主要数据公报(第1号)_中国统计信息网" [Neijiang City 2010 Sixth National Population Census Main Data Bulletin (No. 1) – China Statistics Information Network]. www.cnstats.org. Archived from the original on 2020-03-28. Retrieved 2025-10-05.
- ^ "内江市2017年国民经济和社会发展统计公报 - 中国统计信息网" [Neijiang City 2017 Statistical Bulletin of National Economic and Social Development – China Statistics Information Network]. www.tjcn.org. Retrieved 2025-10-05.
- ^ "内江市第七次全国人口普查公报[1]（第一号） _统计数据_内江市人民政府" [Neijiang City Seventh National Population Census Bulletin (No. 1) – Statistics – Neijiang Municipal People’s Government]. www.neijiang.gov.cn. Archived from the original on 2023-10-09. Retrieved 2025-10-05.
- ^ "内江市2023年国民经济和社会发展统计公报 - 中国统计信息网" [Neijiang City 2023 Statistical Bulletin of National Economic and Social Development – China Statistics Information Network]. www.tjcn.org. Retrieved 2025-10-05.
- ^ "【重走西北角】解码隆昌牌坊的文化密码 看古今精神的接力_来稿选登_中国甘肃网" [Retracing the Northwest Corner: Decoding the Cultural Code of Longchang Archways and Witnessing the Relay of Spirit Across Past and Present — China Gansu Net]. gansu.gscn.com.cn. Retrieved 2025-09-28.
- ^ "四川内江圣水寺：始建于唐 宋初曾名兴慈禅院-中新网" [Shengshui Temple, Neijiang, Sichuan: Founded in the Tang Dynasty, Known as Xingci Chan Monastery in Early Song — China News Service]. www.chinanews.com.cn. Retrieved 2025-09-28.
- ^ "历史文化名城│资中古牌坊之（五）灵星门坊" [Historic and Cultural City │ Zizhong Ancient Archways (5) — Lingshengmen Archway]. history.sohu.com. Retrieved 2025-09-28.
- ^ "四川省文物局-资中武庙(内江资中文物保护中心)" [Sichuan Provincial Cultural Relics Bureau – Zizhong Martial Temple (Neijiang Zizhong Cultural Relics Protection Center)]. wwj.sc.gov.cn. Retrieved 2025-09-28.
- ^ "田野". Chinese Academy of Sciences (in Chinese). Retrieved 30 May 2024.
External links
[edit]- Government of Neijiang Archived 2020-08-22 at the Wayback Machine
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| Geographic | |
