Alveolar lateral ejective affricate
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| Alveolar lateral ejective affricate | |
|---|---|
| tɬʼ | |
| IPA number | 103 (148) 401 |
| Audio sample | |
| Encoding | |
| Entity (decimal) | t͡ɬʼ |
| Unicode (hex) | U+0074 U+0361 U+026C U+02BC |
An alveolar lateral ejective affricate is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨t͡ɬʼ⟩ (or ⟨tɬʼ⟩).
Features
[edit]Features of an alveolar lateral ejective affricate:
- Its manner of articulation is affricate, which means it is produced by first stopping the airflow entirely, then allowing air flow through a constricted channel at the place of articulation, causing turbulence.
- Its place of articulation is alveolar, which means it is articulated with either the tip or the blade of the tongue at the alveolar ridge, termed respectively apical and laminal.
- Its phonation is un-voiced, which means it is produced without vibrations of the vocal cords.
- It is an oral consonant, which means that air is not allowed to escape through the nose.
- It is a lateral consonant, which means it is produced by directing the airstream over the sides of the tongue, rather than down the middle.
- The airstream mechanism is ejective (glottalic egressive), which means the air is forced out by pumping the glottis upward.
Occurrence
[edit]| Family | Language | Word | IPA | Meaning | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Northeast Caucasian | Avar | кьалаб | ⓘ | 'hostile' | ||
| Haida | sttluujagadang | [st͡ɬʼuːt͡ʃakataŋ] | 'Sapsucker' | |||
| Cushitic | Iraqw[1] | hatlʼáʼ | [hat͡ɬʼáʔ] | 'other' | ||
| Northwest Caucasian | Kabardian | Baslaney | лӏы | ⓘ | 'man' | Corresponds to [ɬʼ] in other dialects. |
| Salishan | Klallam | ƛ̕əm̕éʔqʷnəxʷ | [t͡ɬʼ(ə)ˈmˀeʔqʷn(ə)xʷ] | 'to accidentally bump one's head' | ||
| Salishan | Lillooet | st'át'imcets | [ˈst͡ɬʼæt͡ɬʼjəmxət͡ʃ] | 'Lilooet language' | ||
| Athabaskan | Navajo | tłʼóoʼdi | ⓘ | '(at) the outside' | ||
| Plateau-Penutian | Sahaptin | mɨƛ’ɨƛ’k | [mɨˈt͡ɬʼɨt͡ɬʼk] | 'mud' | ||
| Na-Dene | Tlingit | tlʼeex | ⓘ | 'garbage' | ||
| Salishan | Lushootseed | sq̓aƛ̕ | [sqʼɑt͡ɬʼ] | 'otter' | ||
| Northeast Caucasian | Tsez | кьиш | ⓘ | 'splinter' | ||
Proto-Semitic *ṣ́ is believed to have been an alveolar lateral ejective affricate.
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Mous, Maarten (1993). A grammar of Iraqw. Kuschitische Sprachstudien. Vol. 9. Hamburg: Buske.
