Voiced palatal lateral flap
| Voiced palatal lateral flap | |
|---|---|
| ʎ̮ | |
| Audio sample | |
A voiced palatal lateral flap is a rare type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. There is no dedicated symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound. However, the symbol for a palatal lateral approximant with a breve denoting extra-short ⟨ʎ̆⟩, or equivalently ⟨ʎ̮⟩ to avoid a clash with the ascender.[1]
Features
[edit]Features of a voiced palatal lateral flap:
- Its manner of articulation is tap or flap, which means it is produced with a single contraction of the muscles so that one articulator (usually the tongue) is thrown against another.
- Its place of articulation is palatal, which means it is articulated with the middle or back part of the tongue raised to the hard palate.
- Its phonation is voiced, which means the vocal cords vibrate during the articulation.
- It is an oral consonant, which means that air is not allowed to escape through the nose.
- It is a lateral consonant, which means it is produced by directing the airstream over the sides of the tongue, rather than down the middle.
- Its airstream mechanism is pulmonic, which means it is articulated by pushing air only with the intercostal muscles and abdominal muscles, as in most sounds.
Occurrence
[edit]The Ilgar language of Australia has a palatal lateral flap as well as alveolar and retroflex lateral flaps. However, a phonetic palatal flap has not been shown to be phonemic.[2]
| Language | IPA | Word | Meaning | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ilgar | [miʎ̆arɡu] | Mildyagru (personal name) | Contrasts with [ɺ] and [𝼈].[2] | |
| Oʼodham[citation needed] | [ʎ̆ɨʔɨd͡ʒɨ] | leʼeje | brat (misbehaving child) | Described as a palatal lateral flap in recent sources,[which?] as retroflex in older sources.[3] |
References
[edit]- ^ The Unicode® Standard, Version 17.0 – Core Specification (2025), section 7.9.2 Combining Diacritical Marks Extended, and Figure 7-14 Examples of Alternative Code Points for Displaced IPA Diacritics
- ^ a b Nicholas Evans, 2000. "Iwaidjan, a very un-Australian language family." In Linguistic Typology, 4:99-100.
- ^ Saxton, Dean (January 1963). "Papago Phonemes". International Journal of American Linguistics. 29 (1). Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press: 29–35. doi:10.1086/464708. ISSN 1545-7001. JSTOR 1264104. S2CID 224808393.
